Libros y capítulos de libro

NON-DESTRUCTIVE TESTING TECHNIQUES ALLOW THE ANALYSIS OF WOOD CHARACTERISTICS WITHOUT ALTERING ITS END-USE CAPABILITIES. WOOD MORPHOLOGY, WOOD DENSITY, MOISTURE CONTENT, AND WOOD DECAY ARE SOME OF THE FEATURES DETECTABLE BY MEANS OF DIFFERENT NON-DESTRUCTIVE METHODS. AMONG THEM, COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY (CT) AND MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING (MRI) STAND OUT BECAUSE OF THEIR ABILITY TO MEASURE INFORMATION IN A THREE-DIMENSIONAL FASHION. THIS ENABLES ONE TO SCAN VOLUMETRICALLY AN ENTIRE TREE LOG, GIVING MEASUREMENTS OF EACH LOCATION OF THE ANALYZED VOLUME. THE OUTPUT DATA CAN PROVIDE INFORMATION ABOUT INTERNAL STRUCTURES OR PHYSIOLOGICAL FEATURES, WHICH CAN THEN BE USED FOR OPTIMIZING INDUSTRIAL PROCESSING OR FOR RESEARCH PURPOSES. IN THIS CHAPTER, THE AUTHORS DESCRIBE CT AND MRI IN TERMS OF THEIR OPERATIONAL PRINCIPLES, SAMPLING CONDITIONS, DATA OUTPUTS, AND ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES.

NOWADAYS, THE EXPANDED USE OF LBSS INVOLVES OPPORTUNITIES TO THE ADVERSARIES THREATENING THE LOCATION PRIVACY OF MOBILE USERS. SEVERAL APPROACHES HAVE BEEN PROPOSED TO TACKLE EITHER LOCATION PRIVACY, LOCATION SAFETY, AND QUERY PRIVACY INDEPENDENTLY. IN THIS PAPER, WE PRESENT A WORK IN PROGRESS, WHICH AIMS TO PROPOSE A UNIFIED FRAMEWORK TO PROTECT PRIVACY IN ALL THESE DIMENSIONS SIMULTANEOUSLY. THE DEMAND FOR QUERY-PRIVACY PROTECTION FOR MANY USERS WILL BE ADDRESSED IN BATCH.

THE PURPOSE OF THIS CHAPTER IS TO PRESENT A THEORETICAL PROPOSAL FOR THE ADOPTION OF A PROFESSIONAL ROLE CHARACTERIZED BY THINKING AND ACTING CRITICALLY, IN ORDER TO GENERATE EDUCATIONAL CHANGES. EDUCATIONAL PSYCHOLOGY HAS BEEN SHAPED BY THEORETICAL AND EPISTEMOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVES THAT HAVE NOT PLACED EMPHASIS ON THE REFLECTION OR DISCUSSION OF ISSUES RELEVANT TO DISCIPLINE, WHICH HAS LED TO ESTABLISHMENT OF AREAS, FUNCTIONS AND ROLES THAT ARE UNCLEAR AND LACKING CONSENSUS, FROM A PARADIGMATIC LOGIC OF SIMPLICITY. IT IS PROPOSED, THROUGH THE BIBLIOGRAPHIC REVIEW OF ARTICLES AND BOOK CHAPTERS, A POSITION OF EDUCATIONAL PSYCHOLOGY THAT PROMOTES CRITICAL THINKING AS AN ESSENTIAL PART OF THE PROFESSIONAL ROLE, WHICH ALLOWS, ON THE ONE HAND, TO DISCUSS THE FOUNDATIONAL BASIS OF THIS DISCIPLINE, ALLOWING GREATER CLARITY ON THE SCOPE OF THE SCIENTIFIC AND THE PROFESSIONAL FIELD. ON THE OTHER HAND, IT ALLOWS THE DEVELOPMENT OF A FACET OF PROMOTION OF CHANGES IN THE EDUCATIONAL COMMUNITY, FROM THIS SAME CRITICAL ROLE, BRINGING IT CLOSER TO A PARADIGM OF COMPLEXITY. FINALLY, THE ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF THIS POSITION ARE DISCUSSED, AND IT IS CONCLUDED THAT THIS VIEW WOULD ESTABLISH A NEW PERSPECTIVE OF EDUCATIONAL PSYCHOLOGY, WHICH CAN BE COMPLEMENTED BY THE TRADITIONAL VIEW.

IN THIS PAPER WE STUDY THE INVERSE PROBLEM ARISING IN THE MODEL DESCRIBING THE TRANSPORT OF TWO-PHASE FLOW IN POROUS MEDIA. WE CONSIDER SOME PHYSICAL ASSUMPTIONS SO THAT THE MATHEMATICAL MODEL (DIRECT PROBLEM) IS AN INITIAL BOUNDARY VALUE PROBLEM FOR A PARABOLIC DEGENERATE EQUATION. IN THE INVERSE PROBLEM WE WANT TO DETERMINE THE COEFFICIENTS (FLUX AND DIFFUSION FUNCTIONS) OF THE EQUATION FROM A SET OF EXPERIMENTAL DATA FOR THE RECOVERY RESPONSE. WE FORMULATE THE INVERSE PROBLEM AS A MINIMIZATION OF A SUITABLE COST FUNCTION AND WE DERIVE ITS NUMERICAL GRADIENT BY MEANS OF THE SENSITIVITY EQUATION METHOD. WE START WITH THE DISCRETE FORMULATION AND, ASSUMING THAT THE DIRECT PROBLEM IS DISCRETIZED BY A FINITE VOLUME SCHEME, WE OBTAIN THE DISCRETE SENSITIVITY EQUATION. THEN, WITH THE NUMERICAL SOLUTIONS OF THE DIRECT PROBLEM AND THE DISCRETE SENSITIVITY EQUATION WE CALCULATE THE NUMERICAL GRADIENT. THE CONJUGATE GRADIENT METHOD ALLOWS US TO FIND NUMERICAL VALUES OF THE FLUX AND DIFFUSION PARAMETERS. ADDITIONALLY, IN ORDER TO DEMONSTRATE THE EFFECTIVENESS OF OUR METHOD, WE PRESENT A NUMERICAL EXAMPLE FOR THE PARAMETER IDENTIFICATION PROBLEM.

IN THIS WORK, A PROXIMITY-BASED GENERIC METHOD FOR DISCOVERY OF GENERALIZED KNOWLEDGE IS PRESENTED AND IMPLEMENTED IN THE FRAMEWORK OF A FUZZY LOGIC PROGRAMMING LANGUAGE WITH A WEAK UNIFICATION PROCEDURE THAT USES PROXIMITY RELATIONS TO MODEL UNCERTAINTY. THIS METHOD MAKES USE OF THE CONCEPT OF ?-BLOCK CHARACTERIZING THE NOTION OF EQUIVALENCE WHEN WORKING WITH PROXIMITY RELATIONS. WHEN THE UNIVERSE OF DISCOURSE IS COMPOSED OF CONCEPTS WHICH ARE RELATED BY PROXIMITY, THE SETS OF ?-BLOCKS EXTRACTED FROM THAT PROXIMITY RELATION CAN BE SEEN AS HIERARCHICAL SETS OF CONCEPTS GROUPED BY ABSTRACTION LEVEL. THEN, EACH GROUP (FORMING A ?-BLOCK) CAN BE LABELED, WITH USER HELP, BY WAY OF A MORE GENERAL DESCRIPTOR IN ORDER TO SIMULATE A GENERALIZATION PROCESS BASED ON PROXIMITY. THANKS TO THIS PROCESS, THE SYSTEM CAN LEARN CONCEPTS THAT WERE UNKNOWN INITIALLY AND REPLY QUERIES THAT IT WAS NOT ABLE TO ANSWER. THE NOVELTY OF THIS WORK IS THAT IT IS THE FIRST TIME A METHOD, WITH ANALOGOUS FEATURES TO THE ONE AFOREMENTIONED, HAS BEEN IMPLEMENTED INSIDE A FUZZY LOGIC PROGRAMMING FRAMEWORK. IN ORDER TO CHECK THE FEASIBILITY OF THE METHOD WE HAVE DEVELOPED A SOFTWARE TOOL WHICH HAVE BEEN INTEGRATED INTO THE BOUSI~PROLOG SYSTEM.

HIERARCHICAL PRODUCTION PLANNING IS A WIDELY UTILIZED METHODOLOGY FOR REAL WORLD PRODUCTION PLANNING SYSTEMS, WITH THE AIM TO ESTABLISH ALTERNATIVE DECISION-MAKING LEVELS OF THESE PLANNING ISSUES. FOR TACTICAL PURPOSES, THE METHODOLOGY CONSIDERING ONE OR TWO DISAGGREGATION LEVELS, IN ORDER TO MEET THE FINAL DEMAND. FREQUENTLY, THE HIERARCHICAL APPROACH UTILIZES DIFFERENT DETERMINISTIC OPTIMIZATION MODELS THAT IMPOSE APPROPRIATE CONSTRAINTS TO KEEP COHERENCE OF THE PLAN ON THE PRODUCTION SYSTEM. HOWEVER, IN MANY SITUATIONS, A DETERMINISTIC MODEL ISN?T APPROPRIATE FOR CAPTURING UNCERTAIN DEMAND BEHAVIOR THAT IS PRESENT IN SOME REAL-WORLD APPLICATIONS. ONE UNCERTAINTY TO BE CONSIDERED IS THE INVOLVEMENT OF OPTIMIZATION MODELS IN WHICH THIS PARAMETER IS REPRESENTED BY A RANDOM VARIABLE OR A SET OF SCENARIOS. FOR THAT PURPOSE, IN THE PROPOSED CHAPTER, WE INTRODUCE A HIERARCHICAL APPROACH USING DIFFERENT STOCHASTIC OPTIMIZATION MODELS, IN ORDER TO DETERMINE OPTIMAL ALLOCATION OF RESOURCES AT THE TACTICAL LEVEL, AS WELL AS IN REFERENCE TO THE MOST IMMEDIATE PLANNING HORIZON, IN ORDER TO MEET UNCERTAIN DEMANDS. WE ALSO PRESENT A CASE STUDY APPLYING THE PROPOSED METHODOLOGY TO AN INDUSTRIAL COMPANY THAT PRODUCES DIFFERENT HOUSE HOLD ELECTRICAL APPLIANCES, ELUCIDATING THE RELEVANCY OF THE ADOPTED METHODOLOGY.

WE STUDY THE ROTO-ORBITAL DYNAMICS OF A UNIFORM SPHERE AND A TRIAXIAL BODY BYMEANS OF A MODEL WHICH DE?NES A 2-DOF HAMILTONIAN SYSTEM USING VARIABLES REFERRED TOTHE TOTAL ANGULAR MOMENTUM. THE VALIDITY AND APPLICABILITY OF OUR MODEL IS BEEN ASSESSEDNUMERICALLY. WE PRESENT A CLASSI?CATION OF SOME RELATIVE EQUILIBRIA, ?NDING CONSTANT RA-DIUS SOLUTIONS ?LLING 4-D AND LOWER DIMENSIONAL TORI. THESE FAMILIES OF RELATIVE EQUILIBRIAINCLUDE SOME OF THE CLASSICAL ONES REPORTED IN THE LITERATURE AND SOME NEW TYPES SHOW-ING THE TRIAXIALITY IN?UENCE ON BOTH. FOR A NUMBER OF SCENARIOS THE RELATION BETWEEN THETRIAXIALITY AND THE INCLINATION CONNECTED WITH RELATIVE EQUILIBRIA ARE DISCUSSED AND A FULLANALYSIS IN IN PROGRESS.

DESDE POCO ANTES DE LA DÉCADA DE 1980, SE DETECTAN INCIPIENTES ESTUDIOS DE GÉNERO CENTRADOS EN LA ARQUITECTURA (TORRE, 1977); PERO, SI BIEN OTROS ANTERIORES, MÁS LOCALES, YA VALORABAN LA PARTICIPACIÓN FEMENINA EN NUESTRA PROFESIÓN (KLIMPEL, 1962), LA NECESIDAD DE CONOCER MÁS ACERCA DE ELLO FUE INCREMENTÁNDOSE PAULATINAMENTE CON LA APERTURA DEL EL SIGLO XXI (BRITO, 2014). POR ELLO, ESTA PROPUESTA, ANCLADA AL PROYECTO DE INVESTIGACIÓN UBB """"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""ARQUITECTAS Y URBANISTAS CHILENAS DEL SIGLO XX. UN CAPÍTULO PENDIENTE EN LA HISTORIA NACIONAL"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" PROPONE PROFUNDIZAR Y ECHAR LUZ SOBRE LA HISTORIA DE LAS MUJERES ARQUITECTAS Y URBANISTAS CHILENAS, O EXTRANJERAS QUE DESEMPEÑARAN EXTENSAMENTE SU EJERCICIO PROFESIONAL EN CHILE, DURANTE ESA CENTURIA. EL OBJETIVO PRINCIPAL DEL PROYECTO, INICIADO EN ABRIL DE 2018, ASPIRA RESULTAR CON UNA DOBLE LECTURA. POR UN LADO, INTENTARÁ DATAR, CONOCER, BIOGRAFIAR Y ANALIZAR MÁS PROFUNDAMENTE LA PRODUCCIÓN Y PROYECCIÓN QUE TUVIERAN LAS MUJERES EGRESADAS DE LAS CARRERAS DE ARQUITECTURA EN LAS ESCUELAS CHILENAS, EN EL TRANSCURSO DEL SIGLO XX. POR OTRO LADO, SE PROPONE LA LABOR DE ACERCAR UN RECONOCIMIENTO VISIBLE DEL PAPEL QUE ESTAS MUJERES TUVIERON EN EL DESARROLLO DE LA ARQUITECTURA CHILENA DEL SIGLO XX Y, POR SUPUESTO, DE SU INFLUENCIA EN LA CONSTRUCCIÓN DE LA CIUDAD. ASIMISMO, Y PARA CON AQUELLAS PROFESIONALES QUE TUVIERAN SU MAYOR PRODUCCIÓN DURANTE LOS ÚLTIMOS DIEZ AÑOS DE LA CENTURIA INMEDIATAMENTE PASADA, ESTE ESTUDIO RECONOCE QUE NO PODRÁ OFRECER UNA PERSPECTIVA CRÍTICA, POR FALTA DE DISTANCIA HISTÓRICA, TAL COMO LA QUE SE ESPERA PARA ESTUDIOS DE ESTE TIPO. SIN EMBARGO, EL EQUIPO DE INVESTIGACIÓN HA CONSIDERADO QUE ESTOS NOMBRES SERÁN IGUALMENTE INCLUIDOS EN EL REPORTE FINAL YA QUE SU INCLUSIÓN ENRIQUECERÁ EL RECONOCIMIENTO DE LAS EGRESADAS DE ESCUELAS CHILENAS DEL SIGLO XX.

THIS CHAPTER PROVIDES A COMPREHENSIVE SUMMARY OF THE SIGNIFICANT ADVANCES IN SELF-HEALING BITUMINOUS MATERIALS FROM THE ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGIES ASSOCIATED WITH PROMOTING THE AUTONOMOUS HEALING CAPABILITY IN THE ASPHALT PAVEMENTS TO THE LARGE-SCALE APPLICATIONS.

AGRICULTURAL LANDS IN THE METROPOLITAN AREA OF BARCELONA (MAB) ARE EXPOSED TO ENORMOUS URBAN PRESSURES. UNTIL RECENTLY, NO SINGLE GLOBAL STUDY HAS ATTEMPTED TO DESCRIBE THE HETEROGENEOUS LANDSCAPES (AGRARIAN AND NON-AGRARIAN) OF THE BARCELONA REGION IN ANY OFFICIAL WAY. SINCE 2007, WORK HAS BEEN UNDERWAY ON COMPILING AN OFFICIAL METROPOLITAN LANDSCAPE CATALOGUE. THIS LANDSCAPE CATALOGUE IS CONCEIVED NORMATIVELY AS A USEFUL TOOL FOR THE PLANNING AND MANAGEMENT OF THE LANDSCAPE FROM THE SPATIAL PLANNING PERSPECTIVE. IN RECENT DECADES, ?TERRITORIAL CONFLICTS? HAVE EMERGED RELATED TO PERIURBAN AGRICULTURE. SEVERAL STRATEGIES AND INSTRUMENTS HAVE THE COMMON AIMS OF PRESERVING ITS AGRARIAN UNITS OF LANDSCAPE FROM THE URBAN PROCESS, PLANNING AND CONSOLIDATING THIS GOAL THROUGH MANAGEMENT CRITERIA. THREE EXPERIENCES ARE EXPLAINED EXTENSIVELY: THE AGRICULTURAL PARK OF SABADELL (SABADELL), GALLECS (MOLLLET DEL VALLÉS) AND THE AGRARIAN PARK OF BAIX LLOBREGAT (14 MUNICIPALITIES OF THE BAIX LLOBREGAT DISTRICT).