THE PRESENT STUDY RESEARCH IS FOCUSED ON INNOVATION IN THE USE OF MDF (MEDIUM-DENSITY FIBERBOARD) FOR INDOOR COATING IN WAITING AREAS, INCORPORATING TEXTURE AS A DIFFERENTIATION FACTOR FOR SURFACE FINISHINGS MARKETED UNDER HIGHLY TECHNICAL AND AESTHETICAL REQUIREMENTS. METHODS USED IN AFFECTIVE ENGINEERING ARE INCORPORATED IN THE DESIGN PROCESS TO DEVISE PRODUCTS THAT SATISFY USER'S EMOTIONAL NEEDS. THE EVOLUTION OF PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT FROM A FUNCTIONAL/PRACTICAL DESIGN TO AN EMOTIONAL DESIGN THAT CREATES LINKS WITH USERS IS OBSERVED, WHERE THE WAY TO COLLECT PERCEPTUAL REACTIONS TO STIMULI BECOMES AN IMPORTANT WEIGHTING TOOL INTEGRATED INTO THE DESIGN PROCESS. THE SEMANTIC DIFFERENTIAL METHOD, ONE OF THE MOST USED ONES IN AFFECTIVE ENGINEERING TO COLLECT EMOTIONAL DATA IS VALIDATED AS ONE OF THE MOST RELIABLE AND TRUSTWORTHY IN THE DESIGN IDEATION PROCESS. INTERVIEWS TO 108 INDIVIDUALS WERE CARRIED OUT TO KNOW ABOUT THE EMOTIONS THEY FELT AND WOULD LIKE TO FEEL IN WAITING AREAS. WITH THIS INFORMATION, 16 TEXTURES CONSISTENT WITH THE EXPECTED EMOTIONS WERE DESIGNED AND PROTOTYPES MANUFACTURED TO BE SUBJECTED TO FOCUS GROUPS. THE RESULTS CONFIRM THE EXISTING CORRELATION BETWEEN PREDETERMINED EMOTIONS AND TEXTURES FOR WAITING AREAS, DEMONSTRATING THAT THE DESIGN IDEATION PROCESS CAN BE IMPROVED BY INTEGRATING A METHODOLOGY FROM AFFECTIVE ENGINEERING, SUCH AS THE SEMANTIC DIFFERENTIAL APPLIED TO THE STUDY OF USERS.

STUDYING AND IMITATING NATURE CONSTITUTES A DISTINCTIVE COMPONENT THAT PROMOTES THE DEVELOPMENT OF INNOVATIVE SOLUTIONS, RESPECTFUL OF THE ENVIRONMENT. BIOMIMICRY IS THE DISCIPLINE THAT METHODOLOGICALLY SEEKS TO LEARN, IMITATE, AND DRAW INSPIRATION FROM THE BIOLOGICAL LESSONS INHERENT IN LIVING ORGANISMS, WITH THE PURPOSE OF SOLVING HUMAN PROBLEMS AND DEVELOPING MORE EFFICIENT AND SUSTAINABLE TECHNOLOGIES AND SOLUTIONS. IN THIS CONTEXT, THIS STUDY AIMED TO IDENTIFY, THROUGH AN EXHAUSTIVE LITERATURE REVIEW, THE APPLICATION OF THE ESTABLISHED BIOMIMETIC DIMENSIONS BY PREVIOUS AUTHORS: FORM, MATERIAL, STRUCTURE/CONSTRUCTION/ PROCESS/TRANSFORMATION/ AND FUNCTION/STRATEGY. ADDITIONALLY, IT EXAMINED THE INCLUSION OF THE DIMENSION OF GEOMETRY, ORDER, ORGANIZATION AS PART OF THE BIOMIMETIC METHODOLOGY. FURTHERMORE, IT AIMED TO IDENTIFY AND CATEGORIZE FACTORS OR CONCEPTS ASSOCIATED WITH EACH DIMENSION, CREATING A BIOMIMETIC CONCEPTUAL MAP. THE METHOD USED INVOLVED A QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS OF RELEVANT RESEARCH ARTICLES, APPLYING PREDEFINED INCLUSION AND EXCLUSION CRITERIA. AS A RESULT, 33 STUDIES WERE SELECTED AND ORGANIZED INTO A NUMBERED MATRIX FOR EASE OF COMPREHENSION AND REFERENCE. OTHER FINDINGS REVEALED THAT THE MAJORITY OF AUTHORS APPLIED THE MENTIONED DIMENSIONS AND THE DIMENSION OF GEOMETRY, ORDER, ORGANIZATION AS A SIGNIFICANT PART OF THEIR METHODOLOGY FOR NATURE IMITATION. ADDITIONALLY, A WIDE RANGE OF BIOMIMETIC FACTORS AND CONCEPTS WERE IDENTIFIED AND CATEGORIZED BASED ON THEIR FREQUENCY AND RELEVANCE TO EACH ANALYZED DIMENSION. THE STUDY CONCLUDES THAT BIOMIMICRY OFFERS VALUABLE PERSPECTIVES AND MODELS FOR SUSTAINABLE DESIGN PRACTICES, HIGHLIGHTING ITS POTENTIAL TO DRIVE INNOVATION AND ADDRESS COMPLEX CHALLENGES.

TRADITIONALLY, THE INTERRELATION BETWEEN TEACHING AND LEARNING HAS FOCUSED ON STUDIES THAT SEEK TO DEFINE THE CORRELATION BETWEEN STUDENTS' LEARNING ACHIEVEMENTS AND METHODOLOGIES OF TEACHERS TO TRANSMIT INFORMATION. THE TEACHER DELIVERS KNOWLEDGE AND STUDENTS ARE PASSIVE RECEIVERS. THIS ARTICLE REFERS TO THE REFLEXIVE CRITICAL ANALYSIS CARRIED OUT BY A GROUP OF RESEARCHERS FROM THE EDUCATION AND DESIGN SECTOR, REGARDING THE ADVANTAGES, DISADVANTAGES, AND IMPROVEMENTS TO THE PEDAGOGICAL MODEL DESIGN BASED-LEARNING (DBL). IMPLEMENTED IN RURAL PRIMARY SCHOOLS IN CHILE. DESIGN-BASED LEARNING FOCUSES ON INTEGRATING DESIGN PROJECTS INTO THE CLASSROOM TO PROMOTE CREATIVE PROBLEM-SOLVING SKILLS AND TO SUPPORT STUDENTS WITH THE LEARNING OF CURRICULAR CONTENT THROUGH ENGAGEMENT IN REAL-WORLD, AND CROSS-CURRICULAR CHALLENGES. THE OBJECTIVE IS TO CONTRAST THE DBL PEDAGOGICAL MODEL WITH TRADITIONAL TEACHING METHODOLOGIES IN RURAL PRIMARY SCHOOLS. THIS DEFINITION WOULD HELP SO THAT TEACHING AND LEARNING WOULD BE BETTER CONNECTED TO THE REALITY OF SCHOOLS. TODAY, EDUCATIONAL CURRICULA IS APPLIED IN THE SAME WAY IN URBAN AREAS AS IN RURAL ONES, WITH INCONSISTENCIES THAT CONFUSE RURAL STUDENTS. THE DATA COLLECTION METHODOLOGY IS BASED ON DESIGN RESEARCH METHODS AND ALLOWS MEASURING THE IMPACT GENERATED BY THE NEW SYNERGIES BETWEEN TEACHERS AND STUDENTS DERIVED FROM THE EXPERIMENTAL IMPLEMENTATION OF THE DBL PEDAGOGICAL MODEL. THE APPLIED METHODS ARE BASED ON EXPLORATION THAT ALLOWS STUDENTS AND TEACHERS TO BE PROTAGONISTS JOINTLY, AMONG THEM ROLE INTERPRETATION, TRY IT YOURSELF, CULTURAL COMPARISONS, DAILY PHOTOS AND VIDEOS, ETHNOGRAPHY. WHILE THE RESEARCHERS OBSERVE THE PLANNING OF THESE ACTIVITIES CARRIED OUT WITH THE SUPPORT OF COLLABORATORS TRAINED IN THE ABED METHODOLOGY. RESEARCHERS APPLY RESEARCH METHODS IN DESIGN TO GATHER INFORMATION RELATED TO THE EXPERIENCE, SUCH AS FOCUS GROUP AND CULTURAL PROBES. THE RESULTS OF THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE ABED METHODOLOGY SHOWS AN INCREA

THIS PAPER PRESENTS THE EXPERIENCE DEVELOPED IN THE JUAN FERNÁNDEZ ISLANDS, A REMOTE ARCHIPELAGO AND NATIONAL PARK OFF THE COAST OF CHILE, DEVELOPED WITH UNDERGRADUATE STUDENTS OF INDUSTRIAL DESIGN. THE OBJECTIVE OF THE RESEARCH IS TO PROMOTE THE EDUCATION OF INDUSTRIAL DESIGN STUDENTS, THROUGH THEIR INTEGRATION INTO THE TERRITORY AND COEXISTENCE WITH ITS INHABITANTS AND CUSTOMS, TO IMPROVE THEIR QUALITY OF LIFE AND JOB PERFORMANCE. THE METHODOLOGY CONSIDERS TWO WEEKS STUDENT STAY IN THE SELECTED TERRITORY, TO GENERATE SYNERGIES WITH LOCAL PEOPLE AND DEFINE IMPROVEMENTS TO THEIR LIVING CONDITIONS. THE STAGES DEVELOPED ARE EIGHT, 1. COLLECTION OF INFORMATION THROUGH DESIGN RESEARCH METHODS; 2. CONSTRUCTION OF A REFERENTIAL FRAMEWORK OF PERFORMANCE AND NEEDS; 3. CO-CREATION OF AN ACTION PLAN, CONSIDERING USERS, TERRITORIAL RESOURCES, PRESERVATION OF IDENTITY AND RESPECT FOR THE ENVIRONMENT; 4. CONCEPTUAL DEFINITION OF THE DESIGN PROPOSALS TO BE DEVELOPED; 5. FORMAL DEVELOPMENT AND PROTOTYPING STAGE; 6. CO-DEVELOPMENT BETWEEN DESIGNERS AND USERS; 7. DEFINITION OF THE PROPOSALS AND THEIR MANAGEMENT MODEL FOR THEIR INTEGRATION INTO THE DAILY LIFE SYSTEM; 8. SOCIALIZATION WITH THE MEMBERS OF THE COMMUNITY. THE RESULTS ARE PROPOSALS THAT CAN BE MANUFACTURED WITH LOCAL MATERIALS AND TECHNOLOGIES. THE CONCLUSIONS MENTION THAT A BETTER UNDERSTANDING OF THE MOTIVATIONS AND ASPIRATIONS OF DESIGNERS CAN IMPROVE DECISION-MAKING REGARDING SHARED PROBLEMS IN THE COMMUNITY.

THE PAPER REFERS TO AN UNDERGRADUATE DESIGN TEACHING EXPERIENCE, BASED ON THE IDEATION OF DO-IT-YOURSELF (DIY) MATERIALS, FROM SELF-PRODUCTION AND USE OF HOUSEHOLD WASTE. THE APPROACH ALLOWS STUDENTS A POSITIVE ASSESSMENT OF THEIR ENVIRONMENT AND THE GENERATION OF INNOVATIVE SOLUTIONS IN UNCERTAIN SCENARIOS. THE EMERGING SOCIAL CRISIS IN LATIN AMERICA IN 2019 AND THE GLOBAL HEALTH SITUATION IN 2020, CALLS FOR SOLUTIONS TO ISSUES SUCH AS POTENTIAL SHORTAGE OF SUPPLIES AND DEFICIENCY IN DISTRIBUTION CHAINS. THE OBJECTIVE IS TO DEVELOP HIGH-FIDELITY PROTOTYPES FOR TWO NEW MATERIALS THAT CAN BE MANUFACTURED AT USER LEVEL. DESIGN IS A TOOL THAT ALLOWS US TO RE-LOOK AT THE ENVIRONMENT AND GENERATE INNOVATIVE SOLUTIONS TO RESPOND TO PRESENT AND FUTURE PROJECTED NEEDS. THE INDEX COMPASS METHODOLOGY IS RELEVANT BECAUSE IT HELPS TEACHERS AND STUDENTS FOCUS ON USING DESIGN METHODS AND TOOLS TO IMPROVE LIFE. AT THE SAME TIME, IT ENCOURAGES CURIOSITY, COMMITMENT, CREATIVITY AND INNOVATIVE THINKING. THE CONCLUSIONS POINT TO THE CAPACITIES THAT THE METHODOLOGY ENHANCES IN THE STUDENTS TO PROPOSE NEW DIY SOLUTIONS AND VALUE THEIR HABITAT IN THE IDEATION PROCESS. THE RESULTS OBTAINED ARE DIY MATERIALS MADE FROM HOUSEHOLD WASTE, REPRESENTING POTENTIAL SUBSTITUTES FOR EXISTING PRODUCTS.

THIS PAPER DEMONSTRATES THE RELEVANCE OF COLLABORATIVE INTERDISCIPLINARY WORK TO ADDRESS TECHNOLOGICAL RESEARCH, AS WELL AS OBSERVING THE USER?S VIEWPOINT. NECESSARY PROCESS STAGES ARE PRESENTED FOR THE INNOVATIVE DESIGN TO GENERATE A STRUCTURED LAYER FOR BUILDING FACADES, CAPTURING SUNLIGHT TO CONVERT IT INTO ENERGY. THE PROPOSAL CONTRIBUTES TO A ZERO-ENERGY BUILDING CONCEPT ADDRESSING CONSTRUCTIVE ADAPTABILITY ASPECTS TO BE INCLUDED IN EXISTING BUILDINGS OR NEW ARCHITECTURAL PROJECTS, INCORPORATING ELECTRONIC ELEMENTS AND PHOTOVOLTAIC GLASS WITH LUMINESCENT SOLAR CONCENTRATORS IN A SUPPORTING STRUCTURE. DIFFERENT SPECIALTIES AND THE COLLABORATION BETWEEN ACADEMIA AND TECHNOLOGY CENTERS ARE COORDINATED UNDER A CROSSED INFORMATION METHODOLOGY, WHERE APPROACHES AND PROPOSALS ARE ARRANGED IN A STANDARD METHODOLOGICAL PROCESS. FINALLY, A REPLICABLE INTEGRATED SYSTEMIC MODEL IS GENERATED, FAVORING THE COORDINATED ACTIONS OF DIAMETRICALLY DIFFERENT DISCIPLINES, FROM A STATEMENT OF ROLES AND THE KNOWLEDGE OF CAPACITIES FOR EACH ONE. THE DESIGNER?S PERFORMANCE CONSISTS BOTH IN THE IDEATION OF APPROPRIATE PROPOSALS BASED ON THE PROJECT REQUIREMENTS, AND THE EXECUTION OF ACTIONS, LIKE COMPILING, HIERARCHIZING, INTEGRATING, HARMONIZING AND SYNTHESIZING BOTH THEORETICAL AND EMPIRICAL CONTRIBUTIONS. IT IS CONCLUDED ABOUT THE NEED TO ESTABLISH PARAMETERS FOR JOINT WORK IN COMPLEX DEVELOPMENT ENVIRONMENTS, AND THE CAPABILITIES REQUIRED FROM A DESIGNER REGARDING CONCEIVING THE PRODUCT AND MANAGING HARMONIOUSLY THE ACTIONS NECESSARY TO REACH AN OPTIMAL RESULT OF RESEARCH.

IN THE CONTEXT OF EDUCATION, STRATEGIES AND INNOVATIONS ARE CONSTANTLY BEING MADE TO ADAPT TO THE DIZZYING CHANGES THAT OCCUR WITHIN THE FRAMEWORK OF GLOBALIZATION. THIS YEAR, EXCEPTIONALLY, AS A RESULT OF THE GLOBAL HEALTH EMERGENCY GENERATED BY COVID-19, EDUCATION, LIKE ALL OTHER SECTORS OF SOCIETY, HAS BEEN FORCED TO IMPLEMENT A DISTANCE COMMUNICATION SYSTEM AIDED BY DIGITAL TECHNOLOGIES FOR EFFECTIVE CONNECTIVITY. IT IS IN THIS SCENARIO WHERE LACK OF COMPETENCE AND ABILITIES HAVE BEEN SEEN IN STUDENTS, HAVING TO ADAPT TO THESE NEW VIRTUAL CLASSROOM CONDITIONS. THE OBJECTIVE OF THIS STUDY IS TO DIAGNOSE GAPS IN ACCESS TO ICTS AND THE LEVEL OF TECHNOLOGICAL KNOWLEDGE PRESENT IN PUBLIC EDUCATION STUDENTS IN THE NUBLE REGION, CHILE. THE RESEARCH UTILIZES THE QUANTITATIVE METHOD, ANALYZING THE OBJECTIVE REALITY BY MEANS OF A SURVEY-QUESTIONNAIRE TYPE INSTRUMENT, TO COLLECT QUANGFIABLE DATA AND CARRY OUT THE CORRESPONDING STATISTICAL ANALYSIS. THE RESULTS SHOW THAT MORE THAN 50% OF THE PARTICIPANTS CAN CONDUCT THEMSELVES IN THE DIGITAL FIELD, PERFORM BASIC FUNCTIONS TO SURF THE INTERNET AND CARRY OUT SCHOOL WORK. HOWEVER, 47% DEDICATE A SIGNIFICANT TIME OF THEIR ATTENTION AND CONNECTIVITY, IN SOCIAL NETWORKS, THROUGH THE MOBILE PHONE, EVEN EXCEEDING SEVEN HOURS A DAY. THE CONCLUSIONS FOCUS ON THE IMPORTANCE OF INTEGRATING, IN ALL PUBLIC EDUCATIONAL ESTABLISHMENTS, SUFFICIENT DIGITAL LITERACY TO ENSURE QUALITY AND EQUITABLE ACCESS TO KNOWLEDGE FOR ALL STUDENTS.

DIGITAL LITERACY IS RECOGNIZED AS A FUNDAMENTAL SKILL INTEGRATED INTO THE CAPABILITIES OF THE MODERN STUDENT TO LEARN EFFECTIVELY IN A DIGITAL ENVIRONMENT, WITH NEW LANGUAGES, WAYS OF COMMUNICATING AND UNKNOWN ENVIRONMENTS THAT REQUIRE NEW SKILLS AND ABILITIES. THE IMPLEMENTATION OF LITERACY AND THE DEVELOPMENT OF NECESSARY TECHNOLOGICAL SKILLS IN STUDENTS FORM A KEY PART OF DIGITAL INCLUSION, WHICH IS WHY RESEARCH HAS BEEN ORIGINATED WITH THE PURPOSE OF DIAGNOSING BOTH BASIC SKILLS AND DIGITAL LITERACY TO DETERMINE, AMONG OTHERS, THE EXISTENCE OF GAPS. THE OBJECTIVE OF THIS STUDY IS FOCUSED ON DETERMINING THE MOST COMPETENT INSTRUMENTS IN THE DIAGNOSIS OF SKILLS, FOR WHICH, AS A METHOD, A SYSTEMATIC SEARCH AND REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE HAS BEEN CARRIED OUT, LINKED TO INSTRUMENTS FOR MEASURING COMPETENCES AND DIGITAL LITERACY, TO IDENTIFY CATEGORIES, LEVEL OF KNOWLEDGE AND SKILLS TO FUNCTION SAFELY IN THE VIRTUAL SPACE. THE RESULTS DELIMITED 24 PUBLICATIONS CONSIDERED IN THE SYSTEMATIC REVIEW, WHOSE ANALYSIS CONSIDERED THE DESIGN, VALIDATION AND APPLICATION OF A COMPETENCY DIAGNOSIS INSTRUMENT, INCLUDING THE COMPARISON OF THE MODELS OF CONSULTATIONS CARRIED OUT, TO COLLECT THE MOST RELEVANT INDICATORS. THE CONCLUSIONS INDICATE THAT THE STUDIES CARRIED OUT IN THE CLASSROOM ARE SLOW, BUT EFFECTIVE, TO MANAGE AND TRANSFER AN OBJECTIVE VISION OF THE DIAGNOSIS, BUT THE COST AND TIME JUSTIFY CARRYING OUT SELF-APPLIED SURVEYS, SELF-REPORTS AND SELF-AS-SESSMENTS, JUST AS PLAUSIBLE, MAKING IT POSSIBLE TO DEPLOY NUMEROUS STUDENTS. QUESTIONS, PROBLEMS AND DEVELOPMENTS, ON A WIDE RANGE OF DIGITAL SKILLS IN A SHORT TIME AND ONLINE.

THIS ARTICLE PRESENTS AN EDUCATIONAL EXPERIENCE IN PRIMARY SCHOOL STUDENTS IN CHILE TO CREATE AWARENESS OF CIRCULAR ECONOMY IMPORTANCE AND THE USE OF RESOURCES PRESENT IN THE IMMEDIATE ENVIRONMENT. THE CIRCULAR ECONOMY CONCEPT OF THE PRODUCT IS AIMED AT REDUCING 100% OF WASTE. THEREFORE, IT MUST BE FOCUSED ON KEEPING PRODUCTS AND MATERIALS IN THE ECONOMIC SYSTEM AS LONG AS POSSIBLE, THEN IT EMPHASIZES ON EXTENDING THE USEFUL LIFE OF PRODUCTS. ON THE OTHER HAND, DO IT YOURSELF (DIY) MATERIALS GENERATE NEW EXPERIENCE, PROMOTING SUSTAINABILITY AND SELF-PRODUCTION, MOTIVATING THE DEVELOPMENT OF KNOWLEDGE THROUGH THE ACTION. THEY REPRESENT LOCAL IDENTITY AND ADVANTAGES INVOLVE BASIC TECHNIQUES OF MANUFACTURE. RESOURCES ARE AVAILABLE IN PRODUCTION TERRITORY, REDUCING COLLECTION AND WASTE TRANSPORT COSTS, ENCOURAGING RECYCLING AND RELATIONSHIP WITH THE COMMUNITY OF ORIGIN. AT THE SAME TIME, IT ENCOURAGES CURIOSITY, ENGAGEMENT, CREATIVITY AND INNOVATIVE THINKING. THE METHODOLOGY IS COMPOSED OF SEVEN PHASES 1. DESIGNERS COLLECT INFORMATION ABOUT EXISTING WASTE IN THE IMMEDIATE ENVIRONMENT; 2. DESIGN AND MANUFACTURE DIY MATERIALS IN THE LABORATORY; 3. PRESENTATION OF MATERIALS DESIGNED FOR STUDENTS; 4. DEVELOPMENT OF DATA COLLECTION INSTRUMENT THROUGH SEMANTIC DIFFERENTIAL TABLES, BASED ON KANSEI METHODOLOGY; 5. DATA COLLECTION OF TACTILE EXPERIENCE WITH MATERIALS. 6. DATA TABULATION. 7. ELABORATION OF CONCLUSIONS. RESULTS INDICATE A HIGH EMOTIONAL ASSESSMENT OF STUDENTS TOWARDS INNOVATIVE MATERIALS POSSIBLE TO MANUFACTURE WITH WASTE GENERATED IN THEIR COMMUNITY. VISUAL AND TACTILE EVALUATIONS ARE ALSO PERCEIVED BY STUDENTS, HIGHLIGHTING POSITIVE ASPECTS ESPECIALLY FOR TRANSLUCENT AND FLEXIBLE MATERIALS, AS WELL AS MORBID AND HUGGABLE. STUDENTS SHOW A 100% INTEREST IN MANUFACTURING MATERIALS AND PRODUCTS APPLYING THE CONCEPTS PRESENTED. EDUCATIONAL RESULTS ARE POSITIVE BECAUSE THEY INTEGRATE PERSPECTIVE ADDRESSED AT THE ENVIRONMENTAL DIMENSION AND SOCIAL BENEFIT FOR IMMEDIATE

THE PAPER CONTRASTS THE WORK DEVELOPMENT GUIDELINES ADDRESSED BY UNIVERSITY GRADUATES FROM THE DESIGN SECTOR. THE TERRITORIAL CONTEXT BRINGS DIFFICULTIES, BECAUSE TRADITIONAL MANUFACTURING OR SERVICE COMPANIES POORLY KNOW THE DISCIPLINE. THIS EVEN WHEN DESIGN CAREERS HAVE BEEN TAUGHT FOR MORE THAN FIFTY YEARS IN THE COUNTRY. THE OBJECTIVE OF THIS RESEARCH IS TO KNOW THE PREFERENCE ORIENTATIONS OF ENTREPRENEURS, AS WELL AS THE EFFECTIVENESS OF THEIR STRATEGIES TO STAY IN THE MARKET. THIS INFORMATION IS USEFUL TO KNOW THE PERSPECTIVE OF THE COMPANIES AT THE TIME OF THEIR FOUNDATION, AS WELL AS THE ADAPTATIONS OF THEIR STRATEGIES. THE STUDY IS CARRIED OUT ON TEN COMPANIES, OVER A PERIOD OF THREE YEARS. THE METHODOLOGY CONSIDERS AN IDENTIFICATION OF THE COMPANIES, THEIR CLASSIFICATION INTO TYPOLOGIES ACCORDING TO THE SERVICES THEY PROVIDE, DIAGNOSIS RELATED TO DESIGN MANAGEMENT, FOLLOW-UP THROUGH MEETINGS AND GUIDED VISITS TO COLLECT INFORMATION SYSTEMATICALLY. THE RESULTS SHOW LARGE DIFFERENCES IN INCOME AND A STRONG INFLUENCE OF MACROECONOMIC VARIABLES. IN ADDITION, KNOWLEDGE OF ADMINISTRATION AND ACCOUNTING, AS WELL AS OF SOCIAL NETWORKS TO DISSEMINATE THE COMPANY'S VALUES, ARE RELEVANT FACTORS OF SUCCESS. THE HIGH DROPOUT RATE OF COMPANIES IN THIS PERIOD IS VERIFIED, AFTER MULTIPLE ATTEMPTS TO REINVENT THEIR SERVICES. DIFFICULTIES ARE OBSERVED IN OBTAINING HIGHLY QUALIFIED PERSONNEL, WHICH IMPLIES A HIGH TURNOVER OF EMPLOYEES. THE SCENARIO FOR THESE VENTURES IS UNCERTAIN, DUE TO A POOR DESIGN CULTURE BY POTENTIAL CLIENTS AND THE ENVIRONMENT IN GENERAL

EL DESEMPEÑO EN PUESTOS DE TRABAJO DE ALTA EXIGENCIA REQUIERE RESPUESTAS RÁPIDAS, PRECISAS, EFICIENTES Y COORDINADAS. A MENUDO ESTAS ACCIONES TIENEN LUGAR EN ENTORNOS QUE NO ESTÁN PREPARADOS NI DISEÑADOS PARA EL CORRECTO DESEMPEÑO DE SUS EMPLEADOS. ESTO CONDUCE A RESULTADOS INADECUADOS Y GENERA ESTRÉS Y TENSIÓN MIENTRAS REALIZAN SUS FUNCIONES. LA PRESENTE INVESTIGACIÓN ANALIZA EL DISEÑO DE CONDICIONES ÓPTIMAS EN ENTORNOS DE TRABAJO ALTAMENTE EXIGENTES. DEBE EXISTIR UNA COORDINACIÓN Y CONEXIÓN PRECISA ENTRE LA FUNCIÓN INDIVIDUAL DE CADA OPERADOR Y EL TRABAJO COLECTIVO DE TODAS LAS ÁREAS INVOLUCRADAS, CON EL FIN DE TOMAR DECISIONES EFICIENTES ANTE UNA EMERGENCIA. AL MISMO TIEMPO, EL ESPACIO HABITABLE DEBE FAVORECER EL CONFORT PSICOLÓGICO Y AFECTIVO DE SUS OCUPANTES, HACIÉNDOLO APTO PARA SU COMPLETA REALIZACIÓN, ESTIMULANDO LA SATISFACCIÓN EMOCIONAL DE LOS USUARIOS. UN ESPACIO ADECUADO ADAPTADO A LAS NECESIDADES SENSIBLES, DETERMINARÁ COMPORTAMIENTOS APROPIADOS A LAS EXIGENCIAS DE FLUIDEZ EN UNA RÁPIDA TOMA DE DECISIONES ANTE LA EMERGENCIA. SE CONSIDERA LA APLICACIÓN DE RECUBRIMIENTOS EN PAREDES CON MADERA CHILENA, EXPUESTA COMO EL ATRIBUTO DE LA SUPERFICIE VERTICAL EN EL ESPACIO QUE ES CAPAZ DE ARMONIZAR EL HABITAR. LA METODOLOGÍA SE BASA EN LOS PROCEDIMIENTOS DE INGENIERÍA KANSEI PARA UNA COLECCIÓN SISTEMÁTICA DE CONCEPTOS EMOCIONALES. EL USUARIO ES INCLUIDO COMO CO-CREADOR Y PARTICIPANTE ACTIVO EN LA AUTOAPLICACIÓN DE ENCUESTAS. ESTAS ENCUESTAS LES PERMITEN ESTABLECER SUS PREFERENCIAS EMOCIONALES CON RESPECTO A LOS RASGOS CUALITATIVOS DESEABLES EN SU ENTORNO DE TRABAJO. ESTAS PREFERENCIAS DETERMINAN LAS ESTIMACIONES COMPARATIVAS Y JERÁRQUICAS PREFERIDAS ENTRE LAS DIFERENTES ESPECIES Y OBSERVAN LAS CUALIDADES SUPERFICIALES RELEVANTES DE LA MADERA QUE INFLUYEN EN EL BIENESTAR DE LOS USUARIOS. SE UTILIZARON SIMULACIONES DE REALIDAD VIRTUAL PARA CONSULTAR LA EXPERIENCIA DEL USUARIO Y OBTENER VALORACIONES ASOCIADAS A SU ACEPTACIÓN...

THIS RESEARCH HAD THE OBJECTIVE TO KNOW THE EMOTIONAL PERCEPTION OF DESIGNERS ABOUT THE FIVE MOST SOLD COMMERCIAL WOODS IN CHILE, TO ESTABLISH CONCLUSIONS REFERRED TO PERCEIVED QUALITY. THE STUDY SEEKS TO ASSESS COMPARATIVE AND HIERARCHICAL PREFERENTIAL VALUATIONS AMONG SPECIES AND LEARN ABOUT RELEVANT VISUAL CHARACTERISTICS OF WOOD WITH INFLUENCE IN USER SATISFACTION. USUALLY, THE ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA FOR AESTHETIC APPLICATIONS IS FOCUSED ON THE DESIGNER, ASSIGNING HIM/HER THE TASK OF MAKING DECISIONS TO DEVISE SPATIAL CONFIGURATIONS DESIGNED TO MEET END USERS REQUIREMENTS, WHO ARE MAKING USE OF THESE FACILITIES. THROUGH THIS STUDY, THE DESIGNER ACQUIRES NEW USEFUL INFORMATION TO ASSESS EMOTIONS THE LIVING SPACE COULD CAUSE IN FUTURE OCCUPANTS, BASED ON THE USE OF WOOD SPECIES. THE METHODOLOGICAL FOUNDATION FOCUSES ON KANSEI ENGINEERING APPLICATION, A DISCIPLINE RESPONSIBLE OF ESTABLISHING RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN THE EMOTIONS THAT A GIVEN STIMULUS GENERATES IN HUMAN BEINGS, IN THIS CASE, THE PRESENCE OF WOOD. THE STUDY WAS CARRIED OUT ON AN INTENTIONAL NON-PROBABILISTIC SAMPLE OF EXPERTS FROM THE DESIGN AREA, USING SURVEY WITH QUANTIFIABLE OPTIONS AND STRUCTURED QUESTIONS ACCORDING TO SEMANTIC AXES. AS RESULT, THE ANSWERS OBTAINED WERE REFERRED TO WOOD VALUATIONS AND A DATA COLLECTION METHOD THAT CAN BE EXTRAPOLATED TO STUDIES RELATED TO OTHER TYPES OF COMMERCIAL WOOD WAS GENERATED. THE SPECIFIC CONCLUSION IS THAT DARK, KNOTLESS WOODS ARE BETTER VALUED EMOTIONALLY BY USERS.

EL MANUSCRITO PRESENTA UNA PROPUESTA QUE BUSCA DEFINIR UN MODELO DE GESTIÓN PROSPECTIVO APLICADO A LA FABRICACIÓN SEMI-INDUSTRIAL DE UN MATERIAL DO-IT-YOURSELF (DIY), CARACTERIZADO POR INVERSIONES ECONÓMICAS REDUCIDAS Y UN ASPECTO IMPERFECTO DERIVADO DE LOS PROCESOS DE ELABORACIÓN CON BAJA INTEGRACIÓN TECNOLÓGICA. LAS ETAPAS DESARROLLADAS CORRESPONDEN A LAS SIGUIENTES TEMÁTICAS ABORDADAS, 1. CONTEXTO Y MATERIA PRIMA; 2. SISTEMA DE RECOLECCIÓN DE MATERIA PRIMA; 3. PROPUESTA DE MATERIAL SUSTENTABLE, INTEGRANDO UN MODELO PARA LLEGAR A SU ELABORACIÓN. LAS CONCLUSIONES ESTÁN REFERIDAS A UN PRIMER ACERCAMIENTO AL SISTEMA DE SIMBIOSIS INDUSTRIAL, PARA BUSCAR SOLUCIONES AL DESTINO DE PLÁSTICOS DE UN SOLO USO, DESDE UNA PERSPECTIVA LOCAL BASADA EN LA INTERMEDIACIÓN DE AGENTES PÚBLICOS, PRIVADOS Y CIUDADANOS.

ONE OF THE INNUMERABLE SOCIAL TRANSFORMATIONS DERIVED FROM THE GLOBAL HEALTH EMERGENCY CAUSED BY THE COVID-19 VIRUS WAS CONFINEMENT AND SOCIAL ISOLATION, AS PART OF THE MEASURES TO PROTECT THE LIVES OF CITIZENS. THE FUNCTIONING OF SOCIETY WAS COMPLETELY AFFECTED, INCLUDING THE EDUCATIONAL FIELD, WHICH GENERATES DISPLACEMENTS OF A CONSIDERABLE NUMBER OF PEOPLE DAILY, WHICH, DUE TO SOCIAL CONTACT, BECAME AN IMPORTANT RISK GROUP. THE INTERRUPTION OF THIS ROUTINE, PARALYZING FACE-TO-FACE EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITIES, WAS THE SAFEST STRATEGY TO REDUCE THE SPREAD OF CONTAGION. THE CONTEXT OF EDUCATION, LIKE ALL OTHER SECTORS OF SOCIETY, HAD THE NEED TO HASTILY IMPLEMENT A DISTANCE LEARNING SYSTEM ASSISTED BY DIGITAL TECHNOLOGIES FOR EFFECTIVE PEDAGOGY. IT IS IN THIS ENVIRONMENT WHERE THE LACK OF SKILLS AND ABILITIES IN THE STUDENTS WAS SEEN, HAVING TO ADAPT TO THESE NEW CONDITIONS OF ONLINE LEARNING, AS A RESULT OF THE TRANSFER OF ALL EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITIES TO A VIRTUAL FORMAT. THE ONLINE TEACHING SPACE BECOMES THE NEW EDUCATIONAL ENVIRONMENT, WHERE STUDENTS MUST PUT INTO OPERATION ALL THEIR COGNITIVE, AFFECTIVE AND MOTIVATIONAL STRATEGIES, TO SELF-REGULATE THEIR LEARNING IN THE MOST SUCCESSFUL WAY POSSIBLE. SCHOOL ACTIVITIES HAD TO BE RESTRUCTURED, TO GIVE CONTINUITY TO THE EXERCISE OF ACADEMIC FUNCTIONS AND TRANSFER LEARNING CONTENT, TASKS AND ACTIVITIES TO THE INTERNET. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES (ICT) IN THEIR MULTIPLE FORMS, APPS, WEB, EMAIL, VIDEOS, TOOK CENTER STAGE, COMPROMISING THE DEVELOPMENT OF ESSENTIAL DIGITAL SKILLS, FOR THE MANAGEMENT OF DIFFERENT VIRTUAL PLATFORMS, SUCH AS MOODLE, MICROSOFT TEAMS, ZOOM, ETC. THE OBJECTIVE OF THIS STUDY WAS TO DIAGNOSE GAPS IN TERMS OF THE LEVEL OF DIGITAL LITERACY AND SAFE USE OF INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES (ICT), TO ACCESS KNOWLEDGE, IN THE ÑUBLE REGION, CHILE. EVALUATING THE RESULTS FOR THE ASPECTS OF: 1. CONNECTIVITY TIME, 2. TECHNICAL DIMENSION, 3. SOCIO-EMOTIONAL DIMENSION AND 4. COGNITIV.....

HOW THE INCLUSION OF AND ART/TECHNIQUE THAT HAS A VAST AND PROLIFIC HISTORY HAS FOUND PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS IN THE LAST 50 YEARS, WILL BE PRESENTED IN THIS STUDY. IT IS ABOUT ORIGAMI (PAPER FOLDING), WHICH IS USED IN THIS STUDY AS AN ARGUMENT AND APPROPRIATE METHOD IN THE ACCOMPLISHMENT OF THIS EXPERIENCE WITH THIRD-YEAR DESIGN STUDENTS WHOSE GOAL WAS THE DEVELOPMENT OF PACKAGING DESIGN FOR SMALL LOCAL AGRICULTURAL PRODUCERS GRANTING THEM THROUGH AN ATTRACTIVE PACKAGE, A BETTER PRESENTATION OF THEIR PRODUCTS AND HELPING THEM ACHIEVE A BETTER PERFORMANCE IN THE COMPETITIVE MARKET. THE VERSATILITY AND CAPACITIES OF ORIGAMI HAVE BEEN USED AS AN APPROPRIATE METHODOLOGY FOR CREATING DIFFERENT APPLICATIONS SINCE STUDENTS CAN DEPLOY THEIR FULL CREATIVITY AND INTUITION FREELY AND WITHOUT RESTRICTIONS THAT LIMIT THEIR POSSIBILITIES. THE STAGES ARE: 1. CHOICE OF A PRODUCT TO PACKAGE. 2. CHARACTERIZATION OF THE PRODUCT REGARDING ITS CONFORMATION, CONSISTENCY, MEASUREMENTS, LIFESPAN, ETC. 3. DEVELOP THE PROCESS OF DESIGNING THE PACKAGING THAT IS INSPIRED IN SOMETHING NATURAL RELATED WITH THE PRODUCT. 4. APPLICATION OF TECHNIQUES BASED ON NORMS, PRACTICES AND ORIGINAL ATTRIBUTES OF ORIGAMI LIKE THE USE OF A SINGLE SHEET, BASED ON FOLDS AND WITHOUT THE USE OF GLUE. AN INHERENT CAPACITY OF PACKAGES IS STORAGE AND PORTABILITY. ANOTHER IMPORTANT ASPECT THAT ENHANCES VERSATILITY AND COMPLEXITY OF ORIGAMI IS THE INCORPORATION OF MATH, GEOMETRY, FRACTALS, TESSELLATIONS, MATERIAL RESISTANCE, GENERATION OF PATTERNS, DELIBERATE USE OF COLORS, AMONG OTHERS, THAT INCREASE THE VALUE OF THE PROPOSED DESIGN. AS A RESULT OF THIS, NOT ONLY PAPER BUT VARIOUS MATERIALS HAVE BEEN INCORPORATED TO THIS EXPERIENCE, WITH WHICH AN OPTIMAL PERFORMANCE OF THE TECHNIQUE CAN BE ACHIEVED, HELPING THE DESIGNERS FULLY ADAPT ORIGAMI IN USEFUL PRODUCTS THAT ACHIEVE THE DESIRED ATTRIBUTES. ORIGAMI IS A TECHNIQUE THAT CONTINUES TO FIND MANY NEW APPLICATIONS NOT ONLY ON THE DESIGN FIELD BUT ALSO ON THE FIELDS OF

CHILE MAINTAINS A SERIES OF FREE TRADE AGREEMENTS, WHICH OPEN EXCELLENT OPPORTUNITIES TO EXPORT MANUFACTURED PRODUCTS RATHER THAN RAW MATERIALS. WITH THIS, SMES IN THE DESIGN SECTOR AND CREATIVE AND CULTURAL INDUSTRIES HAVE THE OPPORTUNITY TO INTERNATIONALIZE THEIR PRODUCTS, ALLOWING FOR GREATER POSITIONING OF VALUE-ADDED PRODUCTS. THESE PRODUCTS REQUIRE PACKAGING THAT FULFILLS ESSENTIAL FUNCTIONS AND ENHANCES THE IMAGE OF THE COUNTRY OF ORIGIN. THE CARE FOR THE PLANET GROWS, AND THE EU HAS SET REGULATIONS ON PACKAGING. NON-COMPLIANCE WITH INTERNATIONAL REGULATIONS IN THE DESIGN OF ECO -FRIENDLY PACKAGING CAN HINDER EXPORTATION, LIMITING INTERNATIONAL EXPANSION OF VENTURES. THE OBJECTIVE WAS TO INVESTIGATE HOW ECO-FRIENDLY PACKAGINGS AND COMPLIANCE WITH INTERNATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL STANDARDS CAN BE INTEGRATED INTO DESIGN STRATEGIES TO IMPROVE GLOBAL COMPETITIVENESS. THE METHODOLOGY EMPLOYED AN EXHAUSTIVE ANALYSIS OF ENVIRONMENTAL STANDARDS, REGULATIONS, AND RULES, ALONG WITH AN EXPLORATION OF INNOVATIVE DESIGN STRATEGIES, FOR COMPLIANCE WITH PROTOCOLS, IN THE CONTEXT OF ECO-FRIENDLY PACKAGING. THE RESULTS EVIDENCE THE IDENTIFICATION OF A SYNERGY BETWEEN ENVIRONMENTAL ETHICS AND COMMERCIAL AMBITION, CREATING A FRAMEWORK THAT GUIDES PRACTICE TOWARDS SUSTAINABLE GLOBAL COMPETITIVENESS. THE CONCLUSIONS SHOW SUSTAINABILITY EMERGING AS A SOURCE OF INNOVATION AND COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE, AND THE INTEGRATION OF ECO-FRIENDLY PRACTICES IS A STRATEGIC TOOL THAT CAN DRIVE INNOVATION AND FACILITATE OPERATION IN GLOBAL MARKETS. THE RESEARCH UNDERSCORES THE NEED FOR RIGOROUS COMMITMENT TO REGULATIONS AND INNOVATION IN PACKAGING DESIGN.

THE RISE OF TECHNOLOGIES HAS MARKED THE DIFFERENCE IN MANY CONTEXTS OF SOCIETY, BEING EDUCATION ONE OF THE MOST IMPORTANT ONES, WHERE MANY STRATEGIES AND IMPROVEMENTS HAVE BEEN APPLIED, ITS A CONTEXT THAT CAN?T AND SHOULDN?T BE DETACHED FROM INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES (IT) WITH EDUCATIONAL PURPOSES, NAMELY, IT SHOULD GIVE STUDENTS DIGITAL TOOLS THAT ALLOW THEM TO LEARN TO CODE AND TO USE INSTRUMENTS THAT CONTRIBUTE TO DEVELOPING COMPUTATIONAL THINKING. THERE ARE EVIDENT SIGNS THAT THERE ARE SCHOOLS THAT ARE ACTUALLY IN DISADVANTAGE REGARDING DIGITAL TOOLS, MAINLY RURAL AND LOW SOCIOECONOMIC LEVEL SCHOOLS THAT LACK OF CONNECTIVITY, WHICH ACTS AS A BARRIER FOR DIGITAL LEARNING AND REDUCES OPPORTUNITIES. THE PROPOSED STUDY, CONTEMPLATES THE VALORIZATION OF EDUCATORS REGARDING IF THE USE AND APPLICATION OF THIS TECHNOLOGIES IS SUCCESSFUL AND BENEFICIAL INSIDE THE CLASSROOM IN THE CONTEXT OF A SIGNIFICANT LEARNING IN THE DIGITAL EDUCATION SYLLABUS. TO DEVELOP THIS STUDY A FIELD RESEARCH IN PUBLIC EDUCATIONAL ESTABLISHMENTS IS DONE AIMING TO ELABORATE A DIAGNOSTIC AND EVALUATION ABOUT THE TECHNOLOGICAL GAPS PRESENT IN PUBLIC EDUCATION, WHICH IS INTERPRETED AS AN INEQUALITY OF OPPORTUNITIES TO ACCESS INFORMATION, KNOWLEDGE AND EDUCATION THROUGH TECHNOLOGY. OBSERVING IF THE INFRASTRUCTURE AND DIGITAL RESOURCES ARE AVAILABLE FOR STUDENTS AND COUNTING ON IMPLEMENTATION AND FORMATION OF DIGITAL COMPETENCES AND ABILITIES IN THE QUALITY OF LEARNING AND THE SAFE USE AND HANDLING OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES (IT). FOR DATA COLLECTION, TWO POLL-LIKE INSTRUMENTS ARE DESIGNED, ONE AIMING TO SPECIFY THE DIGITAL TECHNOLOGIES AVAILABLE, CONSIDERING INFRASTRUCTURE, DIGITAL RESOURCES, EQUIPMENT AVAILABILITY, INTERNET CONNECTIVITY, DIGITAL SPACES AMONG OTHERS. THE SECOND ONE INQUIRES ABOUT THE BENEFITS OF PRACTICAL SKILL TRAINING, THE APPLICATION OF DIGITAL RESOURCES IN LEARNING AND THE USE AND HANDLING OF IT?S. THE RESULTS OF THIS DIAGNOSTICAL RESEARCH CONFIRM THAT THE PRESENCE OF DIGITAL GA