SE EVALÚA LA ACCESIBILIDAD EN LA REGIÓN DE ÑUBLE QUE TIENE EN CUENTA LAS CARACTERÍSTICAS DE LA RED VIAL, LA DISTANCIA ENTRE CENTROS POBLADOS Y LAS PARTICULARIDADES DEMOGRÁFICAS, PARA ELLO SE RECURRE A UN MODELO QUE CONSIDERA TIEMPOS DE VIAJES Y LA MORFOLOGÍA REGIONAL. MEDIANTE EL ANÁLISIS GLOBAL DE LA RED Y LA UTILIZACIÓN DE TÉCNICAS DE ANÁLISIS GEOGRÁFICO Y SIG SE RELACIONAN LAS CARACTERÍSTICAS DE LA RED CON 93 CENTROS POBLADOS, QUE ZONIFICAN ESPACIOS DE NIVELES DE ACCESIBILIDAD. ESTO EVIDENCIA EL ESTADO DE LA CONECTIVIDAD REGIONAL, SE DESTACA LA CENTRALIDAD QUE CARACTERIZA LA OCUPACIÓN DEL LLANO CENTRAL Y LA IMPORTANCIA GRAVITACIONAL QUE LA CIUDAD DE CHILLÁN TIENE EN EL CIRCUITO TRAZADO POR LA RED VIAL, SE EVIDENCIA UN SEGUNDO ELEMENTO DE ANÁLISIS QUE EXPLICA PARCIALMENTE, LAS RELACIONES COMPLEJAS QUE, CON UN CARÁCTER ASIMÉTRICO, MANTIENEN LAS DIFERENTES LOCALIDADES CON LA CAPITAL REGIONAL, QUE DETERMINAN ESPACIOS DE CRECIMIENTO PARA EL DISEÑO DE ESTRATEGIAS Y POLÍTICAS DE DESARROLLO EN LA REGIÓN.

THE IMPORTANCE GIVEN TO THE ANALYSIS AND MEASUREMENT OF ACCESSIBILITY TO DETERMINE THE MOBILITY OF PEOPLE, ALLOWS US TO RECONSTRUCT FROM GEOGRAPHY, THE CONCEPT OF TERRITORIAL EQUITY AND APPLY IT AS A FACTOR TO ACHIEVE DEVELOPMENT. THE STUDY DETERMINES ACCESSIBILITY IN THE ÑUBLE REGION, RECORDING TERRITORIAL INEQUALITIES, AS A FIRST INSTANCE OF INFORMATION, WHICH IS COMPLEMENTARY TO THE ANALYSIS OF THE CHARACTERISTICS OF PUBLIC TRANSPORT, THROUGH INFORMATION COLLECTED FROM OFFICIAL SOURCES AND DIRECT OBSERVATION. THE MEASUREMENT ALLOWS CREATING INDICATORS THAT ASSOCIATE DATA ON POPULATION, COMMUNAL AREA AND LEVELS OF ACCESSIBILITY WITH COVERAGE, ROUTES, FREQUENCY, CAPACITY, DISTANCE TRAVELED AND PRICE OF PUBLIC TRANSPORT. THE RESULTING POLYNOMIAL IS ASSESSED AS TERRITORIAL EQUITY, WHICH PROVIDES INFORMATION THAT ADMITS QUESTIONS ABOUT THE CHARACTERISTICS OF THE DEVELOPMENT MODEL

THE STUDY ESTABLISHES A TYPOLOGY OF URBAN-RURAL CONFIGURATION THAT ALLOWS FOR THE DIFFERENTIATED SPATIAL CLASSIFICATION OF THE COMMUNES OF ITATA PROVINCE, ONE OF THE THREE PROVINCES IN THE RECENTLY CREATED ÑUBLE REGION, A RURAL TERRITORY PAR EXCELLENCE. FOR THIS PURPOSE, THE COMMUNAL TYPOLOGY DESCRIBED IN THE NATIONAL RURAL DEVELOPMENT POLICY IS USED, BASED ON OECD CRITERIA AND THE CHARACTERIZATION OF URBAN ENTITIES, INCORPORATING A SERIES OF INDICATORS OF VARIABLE WEIGHT IN THE TERRITORIAL DESCRIPTION. THE OBTAINED INFORMATION FACILITATES THE DESIGN OF DEVELOPMENT STRATEGIES BY SHOWING, FROM THE CURRENT CONCEPTIONS OF RURALITY, HETEROGENEOUS SPACES WHERE AGGLOMERATION AND DENSITY DO NOT DEFINE A SENSE OF APPROPRIATION AND FUNCTIONALITY IN AN AREA WITH HIGH LEVELS OF POVERTY AND GROWING POPULATION LOSS.

DUE TO THE INCREASE IN HUMAN OCCUPATION OF THE TERRITORY AND THE PROSPECTS FOR ITS DEVELOPMENT SEVERAL ANALYSES OF SOIL CHARACTERISTICS IN THE REGION OF ÑUBLE ARE REQUIRED, FOR WHICH PERMEABILITY IS ANALYZED BECAUSE IT IS A VARIABLE TO BE CONSIDERED IN HUMAN SETTLEMENT, AND THIS TYPE OF STUDY IS RECOGNIZED AS AN INPUT FOR THE NEW REGION. FOR THIS PURPOSE, THE METHODOLOGY PROPOSED BY FAO IS APPLIED TO THE SOILS OF THE REGION, WHICH IS VALIDATED BY A SERIES OF STUDIES THAT HAVE PRECEDED IT, FOCUSED ON THEIR GRANULOMETRY, POROSITY AND TEXTURE, MANAGING TO ESTABLISH ZONES THAT ALLOW PREDICTING THE HYDRAULIC BEHAVIOR, WHICH ARE INFORMATION FOR THE INSTALLATION OF PRODUCTIVE ACTIVITIES AND SETTLEMENT. HOWEVER, THE SIZE OF THE TERRITORY CONSIDERED HAS RULED OUT SPECIFIC CHARACTERISTICS NECESSARY TO INCORPORATE IN FUTURE MEASUREMENTS.

COIHUECO ES UNA COMUNA CORDILLERANA EN LA RECIENTE FORMADA REGIÓN DE ÑUBLE, SU PATRIMONIO NATURAL SE COMPONE POR ELEMENTOS GEOMORFOLÓGICOS, HIDROGRÁFICOS Y BIÓTICOS PROMINENTES, DESTACANDO EN SU PATRIMONIO CULTURAL LAS TRADICIONES CRIOLLAS DEL CAMPO CHILENO. ES ESTE PATRIMONIO NATURAL Y CULTURAL EL QUE SE DECIDE DIAGNOSTICAR A TRAVÉS DE LA IDENTIFICACIÓN Y EVALUACIÓN UTILIZANDO UNA ADAPTACIÓN DEL MÉTODO OEA-CICATUR PARA ELABORAR INVENTARIOS DE ATRACTIVOS TURÍSTICOS. SE BUSCA ESTABLECER LA POTENCIALIDAD TURÍSTICA DEL PATRIMONIO DE COIHUECO CON EL OBJETIVO DE PROPONER EL DESARROLLO DE UN TURISMO DEL TIPO SOSTENIBLE EN UN TERRITORIO QUE AL HABER CAMBIADO RECIENTEMENTE SU ADSCRIPCIÓN POLÍTICO ? ADMINISTRATIVA PRESENTA LA NECESIDAD DE ESTRATEGIAS, PLANES Y PROGRAMAS CADA VEZ MÁS DESCENTRALIZADOS Y QUE PROMUEVAN EL DESARROLLO ECONÓMICO A LA PAR DE LA PRESERVACIÓN DE LOS RECURSOS DISPONIBLES.

LA CIUDAD DE CHILLÁN POSEE UNA RED VIAL ESTRUCTURADA EN BASE A LA INFRAESTRUCTURA FÍSICA QUE LA CIUDAD HA DESARROLLADO DESDE SU FUNDACIÓN, ORGANIZÁNDOSE EL TRÁFICO VEHICULAR COLECTIVO EN TORNO A ÉSTA, GENERANDO ASÍ RUTAS DE TRANSPORTE DESDE LA PERIFERIA HASTA EL CENTRO DE LA CIUDAD. LA INVESTIGACIÓN ANALIZARÁ CÓMO EL TRÁFICO VEHICULAR QUE CIRCULA EN LA RED CÉNTRICA DE LA CIUDAD DE CHILLÁN, AFECTA LOS ÍNDICES DE ACCESIBILIDAD. EN ESTE CONTEXTO, LA INVESTIGACIÓN TOMA COMO OBJETO DE ESTUDIO LA RED VIAL CÉNTRICA DE CHILLÁN Y EL FLUJO VEHICULAR DESDE LA PERIFERIA AL CENTRO, ENMARCÁNDOLA EN EL ANÁLISIS DE LAS REDES, SU ACCESIBILIDAD Y EN EL SISTEMA DE ORDENACIÓN DE LOCOMOCIÓN COLECTIVA. LA HERRAMIENTA MÁS IDÓNEA PARA ESTABLECER DICHO ANÁLISIS LO CONSTITUYEN LOS SISTEMAS DE INFORMACIÓN GEOGRÁFICA, QUE PERMITEN MODELAR LA REALIDAD EXISTENTE Y ADEMÁS GENERAR PROPUESTAS DE FLUJO VEHICULAR QUE AUMENTEN LOS NIVELES DE ACCESIBILIDAD AL CENTRO DE LA CIUDAD DE CHILLÁN.

THE APPROACH AND CONTEXT THAT THE PLANNING INSTITUTIONS DEVOTED TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE COUNTRY HAD IS CHARACTERIZED, CONSIDERING THE POLITICAL APPROPRIATION OF THE CONCEPT AND ITS TERRITORIAL EXPRESSION THROUGH PUBLIC POLICIES. THE CORFO AND ODEPLAN INSTITUTIONS ARE ANALYZED SINCE THEIR CREATION AND THE RELATIVE IMPORTANCE ACQUIRED BY THE PROFESSIONALS WHO WORKED IN THEM DURING THE DIFFERENT GOVERNMENTS OF EDUARDO FREI MONTALVA, SALVADOR ALLENDE GOSSENS AND THE DICTATORSHIP OF AUGUSTO. PINOCHET. WITH THE LATTER, THE ORIGINS OF THE CURRENT INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK THAT GIVE RISE TO THE CURRENT DEVELOPMENT MODEL ARE REVIEWED, RAISING APPRAISALS REGARDING THE SENSE OF TERRITORIAL APPROPRIATION THAT THE DICTATORSHIP PROMOTED WITH CONARA.

THE VIEW SHIFT ON THE TERRITORY OCCUPIED BY THE NATIVE PEOPLES IS DESCRIBED, DURING THE EVENTS MARKING THE CREATION OF ARGENTINA IN THE SECOND HALF OF THE NINETEENTH CENTURY, RE?ECTING THE ASYMMETRICAL RELATIONSHIP IMPOSED BY THE CENTRAL POWER WITH AGRO-EXPORTING NEEDS IN THE ARGENTINEAN STATE, WHICH IMPOSE THE CONSTRUCTION OF A NOTION OF SPACE OUTSIDE THE REALITY. THE ANALYSIS IS STRUCTURED AS PROPOSED GUIDELINES BY THE POLITICAL GEOGRAPHY, WHICH ENABLE TO VISUALIZE THE SPATIALIZATION OF POWER IN THE TERRITORY, THE STATE ORGANIZATION, ITS SELF-DE?NITION AND ITS PRESENCE, THE HEGEMONY AND IDENTITY OF THE ARGENTINEAN NATION REGARDING THE SPACE OCCUPIED BY THE INDIGENOUS PEOPLES AND THE ESTABLISHED RELATIONSHIPS WITH THEM. IN SHORT, THE NATIONAL CONSTRUCTION THAT EXCLUDES THE OTHER, MEMBER OF THE TERRITORY WHERE ITS OWN DE?NITION IS BUILT