A BODY SHAPE INDEX (ABSI) IS A NEW OBESITY INDEX BASED ON BODY VOLUME; THIS HAS BEEN ASSOCIATED WITH CHRONIC NON-COMMUNICABLE DISEASES AND MORTALITY, INDEPENDENT OF THE VALUES OF THE BODY MASS INDEX (BMI); HOWEVER, ITS ASSOCIATION WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS (T2DM) IN THE CHILEAN ADULT POPULATION IS UNKNOWN. OBJECTIVE: TO DETERMINE THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN ABSI, GLYCEMIA, GLYCOSYLATED HEMOGLOBIN (HBAC1), AND SELF-REPORTED T2DM IN THE CHILEAN ADULT POPULATION. MATERIALS AND METHODS: IN A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY, 4,874 PARTICIPANTS WERE INCLUDED (MEAN AGE 43.3 YEARS, 50.9% WOMEN) FROM THE 2016-2017 NATIONAL HEALTH SURVEY. ABSI WAS CALCULATED ACCORDING TO THE PROPOSED FORMULA (BASED ON WAIST CIRCUMFERENCE, BMI, AND HEIGHT). THE POISSON REGRESSION WAS USED TO INVESTIGATE THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN ABSI AND T2DM, AND LINEAR REGRESSION WAS USED TO INVESTIGATE THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN ABSI, GLYCEMIA, AND HBAC1. SOCIODEMOGRAPHIC FACTORS, LIFESTYLE, AND BMI ADJUSTED THE ANALYSES. RESULTS: ABSI WAS POSITIVELY ASSOCIATED WITH GLYCEMIA (P < 0.001), HBA1C (P < 0.001), AND DMT2 (P < 0.001). IN THE MOST ADJUSTED MODEL, FOR EVERY 0.025 UNIT INCREASE IN ABSI, GLYCEMIA INCREASED BY 1.78 MG/DL (95% CI: 1.21, 2.35) AND HBAC1 BY 0.92% (95% CI: 0.49, 1.35). REGARDING T2DM, THE PREVALENCE RATIO WAS 1.14 (95% CI: 1.09, 1.20), INDEPENDENT OF SOCIODEMOGRAPHIC FACTORS, LIFESTYLES, AND BMI. CONCLUSIONS: ABSI WAS LINEARLY ASSOCIATED WITH A HIGHER PROBABILITY OF SUFFERING FROM T2DM AND HIGHER LEVELS OF GLYCEMIA AND HBA1C IN CHILEAN ADULTS. IN THIS CONTEXT, ABSI COULD BE A COMPLEMENTARY INDEX, INDEPENDENT OF BMI, TO ASSESS THE RISK OF METABOLIC DISORDERS ASSOCIATED WITH OBESITY.

OBJECTIVE: TO COMPARE THE DIFFERENCES IN THE MODES AND DISTANCE OF THE DISPLACEMENTS IN HIGH SCHOOL AND UNIVERSITY STAGE IN THE SAME SAMPLE. METHODS: A TOTAL OF 1288 VOLUNTEER UNIVERSITY STUDENTS (614 MALES AND 674 FEMALES) PARTICIPATED, WITH AN AVERAGE AGE OF 22.7 ± 5.8 YEARS, BELONGING TO FOUR PRIVATE AND PUBLIC UNIVERSITIES IN CHILE WHERE A VALIDATED SELF-REPORT QUESTIONNAIRE WAS APPLIED TO THE STUDY, WHICH INCLUDED THE MODES, TRAVEL TIME, AND DISTANCE AT SCHOOL AND UNIVERSITY. RESULTS: THE ACTIVE COMMUTING DECREASES FROM SCHOOL TO UNIVERSITY WHEN LEAVING HOME (MALES: 39.6% TO 34.0%; P = 0.033 AND FEMALES: 32.9% TO 18.5%, P < 0.001), AS WELL AS WHEN RETURNING (MALES: 44.1% TO 33.7%; P < 0.001 AND FEMALES: 38.6% TO 17.6%, P < 0.001). CONVERSELY, NON-ACTIVE MODES OF TRANSPORT INCREASE, ESPECIALLY IN FEMALES (GO: 67.1% TO 81.4%, RETURN: 61.5% TO 82.6%), AFFECTED BY THE INCREASE IN THE USE OF PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION IN UNIVERSITY. IT WAS ALSO DEFINED THAT AT BOTH SCHOOL AND AT UNIVERSITY, THE ACTIVE COMMUTING DECREASES THE GREATER THE DISTANCE TRAVELLED. CONCLUSION: THE ACTIVE MODES OF COMMUTING DECREASED BETWEEN HIGH SCHOOL AND UNIVERSITY AND THE NON-ACTIVE MODE OF COMMUTING WAS THE MOST FREQUENT FORM OF MOBILITY TO HIGH SCHOOL AND UNIVERSITY, OBSERVING THAT THE ACTIVE TRIPS DECREASED WHEN THE DISTANCE FROM THE HOME TO HIGH SCHOOL OR UNIVERSITY INCREASED. PUBLIC AND PRIVATE INTERVENTION POLICIES AND STRATEGIES ARE REQUIRED TO MAINTAIN OR INCREASE THE MODES OF ACTIVE COMMUTING IN THE UNIVERSITY STAGE FOR AN ACTIVE LIFE IN ADULTHOOD.

BACKGROUND: THERE IS LIMITED EVIDENCE ON HOW ACTIVE COMMUTING IS ASSOCIATED WITH HEALTH BENEFITS IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES. THE AIM OF THIS STUDY THEREFORE WAS TO INVESTIGATE THE ASSOCIATIONS BETWEEN ACTIVE COMMUTING AND MARKERS OF ADIPOSITY AND CARDIOMETABOLIC RISK IN THE CHILEAN ADULT POPULATION. METHODS: IN TOTAL, 5157 PARTICIPANTS FROM THE CHILEAN NATIONAL HEALTH SURVEY 2009-10 WERE INCLUDED IN THIS CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY. ACTIVE COMMUTING WAS MEASURED USING THE GLOBAL PHYSICAL ACTIVITY QUESTIONNAIRE (GPAQ V2). BODY MASS INDEX (BMI) AND WAIST CIRCUMFERENCE (WC) WERE MEASURED AND USED TO DEFINE OBESITY AND CENTRAL OBESITY. TYPE 2 DIABETES (T2D) AND METABOLIC SYNDROME WERE DETERMINED USING WHO AND UPDATED ATPIII-NCEP CRITERIA, RESPECTIVELY.

BACKGROUND: THERE IS LIMITED EVIDENCE ON HOW ACTIVE COMMUTING IS ASSOCIATED WITH HEALTH BENEFITS IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES. THE AIM OF THIS STUDY THEREFORE WAS TO INVESTIGATE THE ASSOCIATIONS BETWEEN ACTIVE COMMUTING AND MARKERS OF ADIPOSITY AND CARDIOMETABOLIC RISK IN THE CHILEAN ADULT POPULATION. METHODS: IN TOTAL, 5157 PARTICIPANTS FROM THE CHILEAN NATIONAL HEALTH SURVEY 2009-10 WERE INCLUDED IN THIS CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY. ACTIVE COMMUTING WAS MEASURED USING THE GLOBAL PHYSICAL ACTIVITY QUESTIONNAIRE (GPAQ V2). BODY MASS INDEX (BMI) AND WAIST CIRCUMFERENCE (WC) WERE MEASURED AND USED TO DEFINE OBESITY AND CENTRAL OBESITY. TYPE 2 DIABETES (T2D) AND METABOLIC SYNDROME WERE DETERMINED USING WHO AND UPDATED ATPIII-NCEP CRITERIA, RESPECTIVELY.

ALTHOUGH BOTH OBESITY AND AGEING ARE RISK FACTORS FOR COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT, THERE IS NO EVIDENCE IN CHILE ON HOW OBESITY LEVELS ARE ASSOCIATED WITH COGNITIVE FUNCTION. THEREFORE, THE AIM OF THE PRESENT STUDY WAS TO INVESTIGATE THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN ADIPOSITY LEVELS AND COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT IN OLDER CHILEAN ADULTS. THIS CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY INCLUDES 1384 PARTICIPANTS, OVER 60 YEARS OF AGE, FROM THE CHILEAN NATIONAL HEALTH SURVEY 2009-2010. COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT WAS EVALUATED USING THE MINI-MENTAL STATE EXAMINATION. BMI AND WAIST CIRCUMFERENCE (WC) WERE USED AS MEASURES OF ADIPOSITY. COMPARED WITH PEOPLE WITH A NORMAL BMI, THE ODDS OF COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT WERE HIGHER IN PARTICIPANTS WHO WERE UNDERWEIGHT (OR 4·44; 95 % CI 2·43, 6·45; P < 0·0001), OVERWEIGHT (OR 1·86; 95 % CI 1·06, 2·66; P = 0·031) AND OBESE (OR 2·26; 95 % CI 1·31, 3·21; P = 0·003). THE ASSOCIATIONS WERE ROBUST AFTER ADJUSTMENT FOR CONFOUNDING VARIABLES. SIMILAR RESULTS WERE OBSERVED FOR WC. LOW AND HIGH LEVELS OF ADIPOSITY ARE ASSOCIATED WITH AN INCREASED LIKELIHOOD OF COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT IN OLDER ADULTS IN CHILE.

BACKGROUND: DEPRESSION HAS BEEN PREVIOUSLY ASSOCIATED WITH COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT IN HIGH INCOME COUNTRY POPULATIONS. HOWEVER, ITS ASSOCIATION IN THE CHILEAN POPULATION HAS NOT BEEN INVESTIGATED. AIM: TO INVESTIGATE THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN DEPRESSION AND COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT. MATERIAL AND METHODS: DATA FROM 1384 CHILEAN ADULTS AGED > 60 YEARS, PARTICIPATING IN THE NATIONAL HEALTH SURVEY 2009-2010 WAS ANALYZED. COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT WAS ASSESSED USING THE MINI MENTAL EXAMINATION SCORE. THE MEDICAL DIAGNOSIS OF DEPRESSION WAS SELF-REPORTED. THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN DEPRESSION AND COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT WAS ASSESSED USING A LOGISTIC REGRESSION. RESULTS: DEPRESSION WAS POSITIVELY ASSOCIATED WITH COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT. HOWEVER, THE MAGNITUDE OF THE ASSOCIATION WAS HIGHER IN MEN (ODDS RATIO (OR) = 4.02 [95% CONFIDENCE INTERVALS (CI): 1.44; 6.61], P < 0.01]) THAN IN WOMEN (OR = 2.23 [95%CI: 1.03; 3.43], P = 0.04). OLDER ADULTS WHO WERE DIAGNOSED FOR THE FIRST TIME WITH DEPRESSION AFTER 65 YEARS OF AGE, SHOWED A STRONGER ASSOCIATION WITH COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT (OR = 6.65 [95% CI: 2.39; 10.9], P < 0.01) THAN THOSE DIAGNOSED BEFORE 55 YEARS. CONCLUSIONS: OUR STUDY CONFIRMS THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN DEPRESSION AND COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT. FURTHER RESEARCH IS NEEDED TO ELUCIDATE THE NATURE AND POTENTIAL MECHANISMS THAT LINK DEPRESSION WITH COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT.

BACKGROUND: ACTIVE TRAVEL HAS BEEN SUGGESTED AS A FEASIBLE WAY OF INCREASING PHYSICAL ACTIVITY LEVELS. ALTHOUGH INTERNATIONAL STUDIES HAVE DEMONSTRATED ITS EFFECT OVER DIFFERENT HEALTH OUTCOMES AND ADIPOSITY, THERE IS STILL LIMITED EVIDENCE ON THIS TOPIC IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES, SUCH AS CHILE. AIM: TO INVESTIGATE THE ASSOCIATIONS BETWEEN DIFFERENT TYPES OF TRAVELLING AND MARKERS OF OBESITY IN THE CHILEAN ADULT POPULATION. METHODS: 5411 PARTICIPANTS FROM THE CHILEAN NATIONAL HEALTH SURVEY 2016-2017 (CNHS) WERE INCLUDED IN THIS STUDY. ACTIVE TRAVEL WAS ASSESSED USING A QUESTIONNAIRE. CAR COMMUTERS, PUBLIC TRANSPORT (PT), WALKING AND CYCLING WERE THE FOUR FORMS OF TRAVELLING ASSESSED. BODYWEIGHT, BODY MASS INDEX AND WAIST CIRCUMFERENCE WERE USED AS MARKERS OF ADIPOSITY. RESULTS: COMPARED TO CAR TRAVELLERS, BODY WEIGHT, WC AND BMI LEVELS WERE LOWER FOR PT WALKING AND CYCLING TRAVELLERS. THE ODDS FOR OBESITY (ODDS RATIO (OR): 0.41 (95% CI: 0.28; 0.61 P ? 0.001) WERE LOWER FOR WALKING AND THE ODDS (OR: 0.56 (95%CI: 0.35; 0.89 P = 0.014) FOR CENTRAL OBESITY WERE SIGNIFICANTLY LOWER FOR CYCLIST IN COMPARISON TO CAR TRAVELLERS. ADDITIONALLY, PARTICIPATION IN ANY FORM OF ACTIVE TRAVEL (WALKING OR CYCLING) WAS LOW, WITH ONLY 20.9% OF THE POPULATION REPORTING BEING ACTIVE TRAVELLERS. CONCLUSION: ACTIVE TRAVEL, SUCH AS WALKING AND CYCLING, WAS ASSOCIATED WITH LOWER ADIPOSITY LEVELS IN THE CHILEAN ADULT POPULATION. PROMOTING ACTIVE TRAVEL COULD BE A FEASIBLE STRATEGY TO TACKLE THE HIGH PREVALENCE OF OBESITY AND PHYSICAL INACTIVITY IN THE CHILEAN POPULATION.

BACKGROUND: THE CHILEAN POPULATION REPORTS HIGH LEVELS OF PHYSICAL INACTIVITY. THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN INCOME LEVEL, PHYSICAL ACTIVITY (PA) AND SEDENTARY BEHAVIORS IS NOT WELL KNOWN. AIM: TO DESCRIBE THE LEVELS OF PA AND SEDENTARY TIME, ACCORDING TO INCOME LEVELS IN THE CHILEAN POPULATION. MATERIAL AND METHODS: ANALYSIS OF DATA FROM THE CHILEAN NATIONAL HEALTH SURVEY 2016-2017, WHICH INCLUDED 5,130 PARTICIPANTS (52.9% WOMEN). THE LEVELS OF PA AND SEDENTARY TIME WERE MEASURED BY THE GLOBAL PHYSICAL ACTIVITY QUESTIONNAIRE. INCOME LEVELS WERE ESTABLISHED ACCORDING TO THE SELF-REPORTED INCOME PER CAPITA OF THE HOUSEHOLDS AND PRESENTED AS QUINTILES. PA LEVELS ACCORDING TO INCOME LEVELS WERE ESTIMATED BY LINEAR REGRESSION ANALYSES. RESULTS: TRANSPORT-RELATED PA WAS HIGHER IN THE LOWEST INCOME QUINTILES (P = 0.039). THERE WERE NO TRENDS FOR INCOME LEVELS AND PA DOMAINS INCLUDING MODERATE, VIGOROUS, TOTAL, OCCUPATIONAL AND LEISURE PA. THE PREVALENCE OF LEISURE AND OCCUPATIONAL PHYSICAL INACTIVITIES WERE HIGHER IN THE LOWEST QUINTILES OF INCOME. SITTING TIME WAS HIGHER IN THE HIGHER INCOME LEVELS (P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: PEOPLE IN THE LOWEST QUINTILE FOR INCOME SPENT MORE TIME IN TRANSPORT-RELATED PA AND LESS TIME SITTING. HOWEVER, PHYSICAL INACTIVITY PREVALENCE DURING LEISURE AND WORK TIME WERE HIGHER IN PEOPLE WITH LOWER INCOME.

DETERMINAR SI LA VELOCIDAD DE MARCHA LENTA SE ASOCIA A UN MAYOR RIESGO DE DETERIORO COGNITIVO EN PERSONAS MAYORES DE 60 AÑOS, SANAS, QUE VIVEN EN LA COMUNIDAD, E INVESTIGAR SI ESTA ASOCIACIÓN ES MODIFICABLE SEGÚN NIVELES DE ACTIVIDAD FÍSICA Y TIEMPO QUE PERMANECEN SENTADOS. MÉTODOS: ESTUDIO CORRELACIONAL, TRANSVERSAL Y RETROSPECTIVO. SE INCLUYERON 1082 PERSONAS MAYORES DE 60 AÑOS DE LA ENCUESTA NACIONAL DE SALUD (ENS) 2009-2010 DE CHILE. LA VELOCIDAD DE LA MARCHA (NORMAL O LENTA) FUE AUTORREPORTADA Y EL RIESGO DE DETERIORO COGNITIVO SE EVALUÓ CON EL CUESTIONARIO MINI-MENTAL STATE EXAMINATION. LAS VARIABLES SOCIODEMOGRÁFICAS Y DE ESTILOS DE VIDA SE OBTUVIERON MEDIANTE LA APLICACIÓN DE CUESTIONARIOS VALIDADOS EN LA ENS 2009-2010. ADICIONALMENTE SE EVALUÓ EL ESTADO NUTRICIONAL A TRAVÉS DEL ÍNDICE DE MASA CORPORAL. RESULTADOS: LAS PERSONAS MAYORES QUE PRESENTABAN UNA MENOR VELOCIDAD DE MARCHA EVIDENCIARON UN MAYOR RIESGO DE PRESENTAR DETERIORO COGNITIVO EN COMPARACIÓN CON AQUELLOS QUE CAMINAN A VELOCIDAD DE PASO NORMAL (OR:1,62 [IC95%:1,06;2,54], P=0,036). ESTA ASOCIACIÓN FUE INDEPENDIENTE DE FACTORES SOCIODEMOGRÁFICOS, OBESIDAD, TIEMPO SEDENTE, ACTIVIDAD FÍSICA Y ESTILOS DE VIDA. CONCLUSIÓN: LAS PERSONAS MAYORES QUE REPORTARON CAMINAR A UN PASO MÁS LENTO QUE SUS PARES DE LA MISMA EDAD PRESENTAN UN MAYOR RIESGO DE DETERIORO EN COMPARACIÓN CON AQUELLOS QUE TIENEN UNA VELOCIDAD DE LA MARCHA NORMAL. LA PROBABILIDAD DE DETERIORO COGNITIVO EN PERSONAS MAYORES CON MARCHA LENTA AUMENTA EN AQUELLAS QUE NO CUMPLEN CON LAS RECOMENDACIONES DE ACTIVIDAD FÍSICA DADAS POR LA ORGANIZACIÓN MUNDIAL DE SALUD O PASAN MÁS DE 4 HORAS DIARIAS EN ACTIVIDADES SEDENTARIAS. ESTOS RESULTADOS REFUERZAN LA IDEA DE QUE LA VELOCIDAD DE LA MARCHA PODRÍA SER USADA COMO UNA HERRAMIENTA DE DETECCIÓN DE RIESGO DE DETERIORO COGNITIVO EN PERSONAS MAYORES.

BACKGROUND SLEEP DURATION MAY BE A RISK FACTOR FOR COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT. AIM TO INVESTIGATE THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN SLEEP DURATION AND COGNITIVE FUNCTION IN CHILEAN OLDER ADULTS. MATERIAL AND METHODS WE ANALYZED INFORMATION FROM 1,384 PARTICIPANTS AGED > 60 YEARS PARTICIPATING IN THE NATIONAL HEALTH SURVEY 2009-2010 WHO WERE ASSESSED WITH THE MINI MENTAL STATE EXAMINATION (MMSE) AND SELF-REPORTED THEIR AVERAGE DAILY SLEEP HOURS. LOGISTIC REGRESSION ANALYSIS WAS PERFORMED TO INVESTIGATE THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN MMSE AND SLEEP DURATION. RESULTS COMPARED TO THOSE PARTICIPANTS WHO REPORTED SLEEPING 7 HOURS PER DAY, THOSE THAT REPORTED SLEEPING < 5 HOURS HAD A HIGHER ODD FOR COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT (ODDS RATIO (OR): 3.66 [95% CONFIDENCE INTERVALS (CI: 1.69; 7.95], P < 0.01). SIMILARLY, THOSE WHO REPORTED SLEEPING > 8 HOURS PER DAY ALSO SHOWED A HIGHER ODD FOR COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT (OR: 2.56 [95% CI: 1.32; 4.95], P < 0.01). THIS ASSOCIATION WAS EVEN STRONGER FOR PEOPLE WHO REPORTED MORE THAN 10 HOURS OF SLEEP PER DAY (OR: 4.46 [95% CI: 1.32; 4.95], P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS LONG AND SHORT SLEEP DURATION IS ASSOCIATED WITH COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT IN OLDER ADULTS IN CHILE INDEPENDENT OF MAJOR CONFOUNDING FACTORS.

OBJECTIVE: TO INVESTIGATE WHETHER THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN TYPE 2 DIABETES (T2D) AND FAMILY HISTORY OF DIABETES IS MODIFIED BY THE LEVELS OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY IN THE CHILEAN POPULATION. METHOD: IN THIS STUDY WERE INCLUDED 5129 PARTICIPANTS FROM THE CROSS-SECTIONAL 2009-2010 NATIONAL HEALTH SURVEY. PHYSICAL ACTIVITY LEVEL WAS ASSESSED USING THE GLOBAL PHYSICAL ACTIVITY QUESTIONNAIRE AND FAMILY HISTORY OF T2D, THROUGH SELF-REPORTING. THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN DIABETES, FAMILY HISTORY OF DIABETES AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY WAS DETERMINED USING LOGISTIC REGRESSION.

BACKGROUND: WALKING PACE IS A WELL-KNOWN INDICATOR OF PHYSICAL CAPABILITY, BUT IT IS ALSO A STRONG PREDICTOR OF TYPE 2 DIABETES (T2D). HOWEVER, THERE IS A LACK OF EVIDENCE ON THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN WALKING PACE AND T2D, SPECIFICALLY, WITHIN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES SUCH AS CHILE. AIM: TO INVESTIGATE THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN SELF-REPORTED WALKING PACE AND T2D IN THE CHILEAN ADULT POPULATION. METHODS: 5520 CHILEAN PARTICIPANTS (AGED 15 TO 90 YEARS, 52.1% WOMEN) FROM THE CHILEAN NATIONAL HEALTH SURVEY 2016-2017 WERE INCLUDED IN THIS CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY. BOTH WALKING PACE (SLOW, AVERAGE, AND BRISK) AND DIABETES DATA WERE COLLECTED THROUGH SELF-REPORTED METHODS. FASTING BLOOD GLUCOSE (REPORTED IN MG/DL) AND GLYCOSYLATED HAEMOGLOBIN A (HBA1C) SCORES WERE DETERMINED VIA BLOOD EXAMS. RESULTS: IN THE UNADJUSTED MODEL, AND COMPARED TO PEOPLE WHO REPORTED A SLOW WALKING PACE, THOSE WITH AVERAGE AND BRISK WALKING PACE HAD LOWER BLOOD GLUCOSE LEVELS (? = -7.74 MG/DL (95% CI: -11.08 TO -4.40) AND ? = -11.05 MG/DL (95% CI: -14.36 TO -7.75), RESPECTIVELY) AND LOWER HBA1C (? = -0.34% (95% CI: -0.57 TO -0.11) AND ?= -0.72% (95% CI: -0.94 TO -0.49)), RESPECTIVELY. AFTER ADJUSTING FOR SOCIODEMOGRAPHIC, BODY MASS INDEX AND LIFESTYLE FACTORS, THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN GLYCAEMIA AND HBA1C REMAINED ONLY FOR BRISK WALKERS. BOTH THE AVERAGE AND BRISK WALKER CATEGORIES HAD LOWER ODDS OF T2D (OR: 0.59 (95% CI: 0.41 TO 0.84) AND (OR 0.48 (95% CI: 0.30 TO 0.79), RESPECTIVELY). CONCLUSION: BRISK WALKERS WERE ASSOCIATED WITH LOWER BLOOD GLUCOSE AND HBA1C LEVELS. MOREOVER, AVERAGE TO BRISK WALKING PACE ALSO SHOWED A LOWER RISK FOR T2D.

BACKGROUND: ACTIVE COMMUTING IS ASSOCIATED WITH A LOWER RISK FOR OBESITY IN DEVELOPED COUNTRIES. AIM: TO INVESTIGATE THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN ACTIVE COMMUTING AND OBESITY RISK IN CHILE. MATERIAL AND METHODS: ACTIVE COMMUTING WAS MEASURED USING THE GLOBAL PHYSICAL ACTIVITY QUESTIONNAIRE (GPAQ V2) IN 5,293 PARTICIPANTS FROM THE CHILEAN NATIONAL HEALTH SURVEY 2009-2010. BODY MASS INDEX (BMI) AND WAIST CIRCUMFERENCE (WC) WERE THE STUDY OUTCOMES. THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN ACTIVE COMMUTING AND OBESITY WAS INVESTIGATED USING LINEAR AND LOGISTIC REGRESSION ANALYSIS.

BACKGROUND: ACTIVE COMMUTING IS ASSOCIATED WITH A LOWER RISK FOR OBESITY IN DEVELOPED COUNTRIES. AIM: TO INVESTIGATE THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN ACTIVE COMMUTING AND OBESITY RISK IN CHILE. MATERIAL AND METHODS: ACTIVE COMMUTING WAS MEASURED USING THE GLOBAL PHYSICAL ACTIVITY QUESTIONNAIRE (GPAQ V2) IN 5,293 PARTICIPANTS FROM THE CHILEAN NATIONAL HEALTH SURVEY 2009-2010. BODY MASS INDEX (BMI) AND WAIST CIRCUMFERENCE (WC) WERE THE STUDY OUTCOMES. THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN ACTIVE COMMUTING AND OBESITY WAS INVESTIGATED USING LINEAR AND LOGISTIC REGRESSION ANALYSIS.

CARDIORESPIRATORY FITNESS (CRF) IS INVERSELY ASSOCIATED WITH METABOLIC DISEASES AND ADIPOSITY MARKERS. AIM: TO ASSESS THE ASSOCIATION OF CRF WITH BODY MASS INDEX (BMI), WAIST CIRCUMFERENCE (WC) AND OBESITY IN A REPRESENTATIVE SAMPLE OF THE CHILEAN POPULATION. MATERIAL AND METHODS: DATA FROM 5,958 PARTICIPANTS IN THE CHILEAN NATIONAL HEALTH SURVEY 2016-1027 AGED 15 YEARS OR ABOVE WERE ANALYZED. CRF WAS ESTIMATED BY AN EQUATION THAT INCLUDED SOCIODEMOGRAPHIC, ANTHROPOMETRIC AND HEALTH-RELATED DATA AND EXPRESSED IN METABOLIC EQUIVALENT UNITS (METS). THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN CRF AND ADIPOSITY WAS ASSESSED USING LINEAR AND POISSON REGRESSION MODELS AND THE RESULTS WERE PRESENTED AS PREVALENCE RATIO (PR). RESULTS: ONE MET INCREMENT IN CRF WAS ASSOCIATED WITH A 3.27 KG/M2 (95% CONFIDENCE INTERVALS (CI): -3.35; -3.2) AND 4.56 KG/M2 (95% CI: -4.67; -4.46) LOWER BMI IN MEN AND WOMEN, RESPECTIVELY. WAIST CIRCUMFERENCE WAS 6.7 CM [95% CI: -6.98; -6.42] AND 9 CM [95% CI: -9.33; -8.67] LOWER PER 1-MET INCREMENT IN CRF. WITH ONE MET INCREMENT, THE PROBABILITY OF BEING OBESE WAS 34% (PR = 0.66 [95%CI: 0.63; 0.69]) AND 36% (PR = 0.64 [95%CI: 0.61; 0.67]) LOWER IN MEN AND WOMEN, RESPECTIVELY. THE PROBABILITY OF HAVING A CENTRAL OBESITY WAS 26% (PR = 0.74 [95%CI: 0.71; 0.77]) AND 30% (PR = 0.70 [95%CI: 0.68; 0.73]) LOWER IN MEN AND WOMEN, RESPECTIVELY. CONCLUSIONS: A HIGHER ESTIMATED CRF WAS ASSOCIATED WITH LOWER ADIPOSITY LEVELS AND A LOWER RISK OF BEING OBESE IN BOTH MEN AND WOMEN. PUBLIC HEALTH POLICIES AIMING TO INCREASE PHYSICAL ACTIVITY ARE NEEDED TO INCREASE THE CRF OF THE CHILEAN POPULATION.

THE AIM OF THIS STUDY WAS TO INVESTIGATE THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN PHYSICAL ACTIVITY (PA), BOTH OCCUPATIONAL (OPA) AND DURING LEISURE TIME (LTPA), WITH OBESITY AND CARDIOVASCULAR RISK FACTORS IN CHILEAN ADULTS. 5,157 PARTICIPANTS FROM THE CHILEAN NATIONAL HEALTH SURVEY 2009-2010 WERE INCLUDED IN THIS STUDY. OPA AND LTPA LEVELS WERE ASSESSED USING THE GLOBAL PHYSICAL ACTIVITY QUESTIONNAIRE. THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN BOTH PA WITH OBESITY AND CARDIOVASCULAR RISK FACTORS WAS DETERMINED USING LOGISTIC REGRESSION. OUR FINDINGS SHOWED A SIGNIFICANT TREND BETWEEN HIGHER LTPA AND LOWER ODDS FOR OBESITY (OR 0.64 [95% CI: 0.53; 0.76], CENTRAL OBESITY 0.52 [0.44; 0.61]) AND OTHER CARDIOVASCULAR RISK FACTORS INCLUDING DIABETES (OR: 0.72 [0.55; 0.94]), HYPERTENSION (OR: 0.59 [0.50; 0.71]) AND METABOLIC SYNDROME (OR: 0.62 [0.50; 0.78]). IN CONTRAST, OPA WAS ONLY ASSOCIATED WITH LOWER ODDS OF DIABETES (OR: 0.79 [0.65; 0.98]) AND HYPERTENSION (0.85 [0.74; 0.98]). IN CONCLUSION, LTPA WAS ASSOCIATED WITH A LOWER RISK OF ALL MAJOR CARDIOVASCULAR RISK FACTORS, WHEREAS OPA WAS ONLY ASSOCIATED WITH A LOWER RISK OF DIABETES AND HYPERTENSION.

BACKGROUND: A HIGHER EDUCATIONAL LEVEL IS ASSOCIATED WITH HEALTHIER LIFESTYLES. AIM: TO ASSESS THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN THE LEVEL OF COMPLIANCE WITH PHYSICAL ACTIVITY RECOMMENDATIONS AND YEARS OF FORMAL EDUCATION IN CHILEAN ADULTS. MATERIAL AND METHODS: ANALYSIS INCLUDE 6,174 PARTICIPANTS FROM THE NATIONAL HEALTH SURVEY 2016-2017. PHYSICAL ACTIVITY LEVELS WERE ASSESSED THROUGH THE GLOBAL PHYSICAL QUESTIONNAIRE (GPAQ V2). PHYSICAL INACTIVITY WAS DEFINED AS < 600 MET/MINUTE/WEEK. RESULTS: AMONG SUBJECTS WITHOUT EDUCATION, 44% AND 27% OF WOMEN AND MEN RESPECTIVELY, WERE PHYSICALLY INACTIVE. AMONG WOMEN AND MEN WITH THE HIGHEST NUMBER OF YEARS OF EDUCATION (> 16) THE FIGURES FOR PHYSICAL INACTIVITY WERE 27% AND 15% RESPECTIVELY. THE ODDS FOR NOT MEETING THE PHYSICAL ACTIVITY RECOMMENDATIONS WAS 2.3 [95% CONFIDENCE INTERVALS (CI): 1.57; 3.38] AND 3.9 [95% CI: 2.27; 6.95] IN WOMEN AND MEN WITHOUT ANY FORMAL EDUCATION RESPECTIVELY, AS COMPARED WITH THOSE WHO REPORTED 12 YEARS OF EDUCATION. WOMEN AND MEN WHO REPORTED A HIGH LEVEL OF EDUCATION ? (16 YEARS) DID NOT SHOW SIGNIFICANT DIFFERENCES COMPARED TO THE REFERENCE GROUP. CONCLUSIONS: PEOPLE WITH LOW LEVELS OF EDUCATION ARE WERE LIKELY TO BE PHYSICALLY INACTIVE.

BACKGROUND: PHYSICAL INACTIVITY IS AN IMPORTANT CARDIOVASCULAR RISK FACTOR. AIM: TO INVESTIGATE THE ASSOCIATION OF PHYSICAL INACTIVITY WITH OBESITY, METABOLIC MARKERS, TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS, HYPERTENSION AND METABOLIC SYNDROME IN CHILEAN ADULTS.