THE PRESENT WORK EXPOSES DIVERSE APPROACHES OF THE DESIGN WITH WHICH THE PROBLEMS OF THE GREATER ADULT CAN BE TACKLED SIGNI CANTLY. THE OBJECTIVE IS TO ILLUSTRATE THE RELEVANCE OF THE INTERDISCIPLINARY WORK AND THE ACTIVE PARTICIPATION OF THE OLDER ADULT USER IN THE COURSE OF DESIGN. FOR THIS PURPOSE, THE METHODOLOGY O ERED BY THE USER-CENTERED DESIGN (UCD) AND THE CO-CREATION BASED ON CONSENSUS ARE SELECTED AS FUNDAMENTAL ASPECTS THAT ALLOW A RE ECTION ON THE ROLE OF THE DESIGNER DURING THE PROCESS. THE SYSTEMIC COMPLEXITY, WHETHER PRACTICAL OR THEORETICAL, OBSERVED THROUGH THE EXERCISE OF THE PROJECT, HAS LED TO THE CONCLUSION THAT THE DESIGNER CAN CONTRIBUTE NOT ONLY BY O ERING A PRODUCT CONSISTENT WITH THE PROBLEMS OBSERVED AND THE TRAJECTORY OF THE EVENTS DISCUSSED, RECOGNIZED ASPECT OF THE DISCIPLINE. IT CAN FURTHERMORE ARTICULATE THE DIVERSE EXPERT VIEWS IN A SOLUTION THAT IS INTEGRATED TO THE MULTIDIMENSIONAL COMPLEXITY OF THE USER IN HIS OLD AGE, WHICH IMPLIES CONSIDERING HIS POTENTIAL PHYSICAL, COGNITIVE DETERIORATION, SOCIAL EXCLUSION, ECONOMIC PRECARIOUSNESS, BUT ALSO FROM HIS SPEECH CONSIDER HIS EXPERIENTIAL CAPITAL SHAPED AS A DISCURSIVE TOTALITY THAT INCLUDES EMOTIONALITY, BEHAVIOURS, ATTITUDES AND REASONING, FACILITATING AND GENERATING CREATIVE DIVERGENCE OF THE DIVERSE PARTICIPATING KNOWLEDGES, THROUGH COLLABORATIVE PLATFORMS FOR THE ACTIVE CALL OF THOSE INVOLVED.

EL PRESENTE ARTÍCULO EXPLORA UNA NUEVA ESTRATEGIA DIDÁCTICA QUE BUSCA INTEGRAR LA ETAPA INICIAL DE TRABAJO INDIVIDUAL DEL ESTUDIANTE DE DISEÑO INDUSTRIAL, CUYOS RESULTADOS TRADICIONALMENTE SE COMPARTEN EN LÁMINAS EXPOSITIVAS. EN ESTA PROPUESTA DICHOS RESULTADOS SE REPRESENTAN EN UN VOLUMEN DE DISEÑO FÍSICO A TRAVÉS DE TRABAJO COLABORATIVO, PERMITIÉNDOLES SOCIABILIZAR Y OBTENER UN MATERIAL DE CONSULTA. LOS ESTUDIANTES SE AGRUPARON EN EQUIPOS, LOS CUALES REALIZARON UN ESTUDIO DE CAMPO RESPECTO DE LA PRESENCIA DEL RUBRO ARTESANAL EN LA CIUDAD DE CONCEPCIÓN (CHILE), INTEGRÁNDOSE LUEGO EN UNA APUESTA EN COMÚN: UN MAPA DIAGRAMA FÍSICO VOLUMÉTRICO DE CONCEPCIÓN. SE APLICÓ UNA ENCUESTA DE PERCEPCIÓN, DESTACÁNDOSE ENTRE LOS RESULTADOS LA COMPRENSIÓN POR PARTE DE LOS ESTUDIANTES SOBRE LA RELEVANCIA DE TRABAJAR POR UN OBJETIVO COMÚN; SIN EMBARGO, LOS HALLAZGOS EVIDENCIAN QUE EL ESPÍRITU DE COMPETENCIA PRIMÓ POR SOBRE LA COLABORACIÓN. EN CONCLUSIÓN, ESTO HACE SUPONER QUE LA ESTRATEGIA COLABORATIVA DEBE INICIARSE CON LA INTEGRACIÓN DE TODOS LOS ESTUDIANTES, APUNTANDO DECISIONES Y ACCIONES CONJUNTAS COMO PRODUCTO DEL CONSENSO.

THIS ARTICLE SUGGESTS THAT UMBERTO ECO DEMONSTRATES, BY MEANS OF THE ICONIC FICTIONAL MEDIEVAL WORLD DESCRIPTION AND THE PRESENCE OF A COMPETENT NARRATEE, THEORETICAL CONCEPTION OF ICONICITY AS CULTURAL AND TEMPORAL SIGN BASED CONVENTION. TO THAT DEGREE, THERE ARE TWO CHAPTERS WHICH ANALYZE THE RELEVANT COMPARATIVE SIGNIFICANCE OF HIS WORK: "FIRST DAY. SIXTH" FROM HIS NOVEL THE NAME OF THE ROSE, AND "3.5. CRITIQUE OF ICONISM "FROM HIS A THEORY OF SEMIOTICS.

THE PRESENT ARTICLE PROVIDES A GENERAL VIEW OF THE PHENOMENOLOGICAL DIMENSION OF AN OBJECT ? FROM ITS PERCEP-TUAL ORIGIN TO EVALUATION BY USERS. IT INTENDS TO SHOW HOW THE EXCHANGE BETWEEN A PRODUCT AND AN INDIVIDUAL ESTABLISHES A CONTINUOUS, DIALECTICAL PROCESS OF FEEDBACK. THIS STARTS AS A PERCEPTUAL PHENOMENON IN?UENCED BY A SUBJECT?S ABILITY TO MOVE SENSORIALLY THROUGH THE PASSING OF TIME AND SPACE, AND IS EVENTUALLY GRANTED A COGNITIVE AND EMOTIONAL DIMEN-SION BY THE EXCHANGE BETWEEN PRODUCT AND INDIVIDUAL AND ITS SURROUNDING CONTEXT. HERE, A?ORDANCES ARE ETCHED INTO THE COMPLEX WEB OF EVENTS AND EXPERIENCES THAT SHAPE AN OBJECT INTO A SIGNI?ER, WHICH NOT ONLY O?ER THE USER AN EXPERIENCE IN RELATION TO THE PRODUCT, BUT ALSO A DEEPER UNDERSTANDING OF HIS OR HERSELF IN THE WORLD

EL PRESENTE TRABAJO ABORDA UNA EXPERIENCIA ACADÉMICA DE APRENDIZAJE Y SERVICIO REALIZADA CON UN GRUPO DE ESTUDIANTES DE DISEÑO INDUSTRIAL QUIENES EN LA ASIGNATURA DE TALLER EMPLEARON SUS COMPETENCIAS PROFESIONALES PARA APOYAR LA RECONSTRUCCIÓN EN UNA COMUNIDAD DE PESCADORES DE LIRQUÉN, CHILE, DESPUÉS DEL TERREMOTO Y TSUNAMI OCURRIDO EL AÑO 2010. SU OBJETIVO FUE EVALUAR EN ESTA VIVENCIA DE CO-CREACIÓN, LAS HABILIDADES QUE SE DESARROLLAN COMO RESULTADO DE INTERVENIR EN UN CONTEXTO COMPLEJO Y DIFÍCIL (...)

THE TRAINING OF INDUSTRIAL OR PRODUCT DESIGNERS IN CHILE IS APPROACHED WITH A STRONG HERITAGE OF THE BAUHAUS SCHOOL THAT SEEKS, THROUGH EXPERIENCE AND FROM A PROJECTIVE AND REFLECTIVE PERSPECTIVE, A MORE DIRECT AND LESS THEORETICAL APPROACH TO REALITY. FOR THIS REASON, IT USES PROJECT-BASED LEARNING AS A TRAINING STRATEGY, FACILITATING LEARNING IN THE ACT OF DOING. ON THE OTHER HAND, IN ORDER TO OBTAIN THE INSTANCES AND DEPTH OF REFLECTION REQUIRED FOR A GIVEN PROJECT, THE INDUSTRIAL DESIGN SCHOOL OF THE UNIVERSIDAD DEL BIÓ-BIÓ, AS WELL AS OTHERS IN THE COUNTRY, APPLIES OBSERVATION AS A TRANSVERSAL METHOD IN ALL THE WORKSHOPS OBSERVATION, RECOGNIZED AS A LEGACY OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH, TAKES ON ANOTHER DIMENSION IN DESIGN WHEN APPROACHED FROM THE STANDPOINT OF PHENOMENOLOGY, SINCE PHENOMENOLOGICAL OBSERVATION DOES NOT PLACE LIMITS BETWEEN THE OBSERVING SUBJECT AND THAT WHICH IS OBSERVED. THIS ALLOWS THE DESIGNER TO CREATIVELY SCRUTINIZE THE WORLD THROUGH HIS LIFE EXPERIENCE, SO AS TO UNDERSTAND THE RELATIONSHIPS AND INTERACTIONS BETWEEN INDIVIDUALS, OBJECTS AND ENVIRONMENT. HOWEVER, AT PRESENT THE VALUE EMBODIED IN OBSERVATION DOES NOT SEEM TO FIT WITH THE TECHNOLOGICAL OVERCONSUMPTION AND ITS NEED FOR IMMEDIACY, NEITHER WITH ITS LEARNING TIMES NOR ITS ANALOGICAL EXPRESSION. THUS, ITS METHODOLOGY IS FALLING INTO DISUSE OR IS BEING MISUNDERSTOOD BY THE NEW GENERATIONS, AND IT IS THEREFORE PERTINENT TO ASK ABOUT ITS VALIDITY AND RELEVANCE. IN SHORT, DOES IT NEED TO BE EVALUATED TO CONTINUE WITH ITS TEACHING? OR SHOULD IT BE SIMPLY ABANDONED AS AN ARCHAIC AND EXTEMPORANEOUS METHOD.