EL ACCESO Y DISPONIBILIDAD A ALIMENTOS SEGUROS Y NUTRITIVOS, ES PRIORITARIO PARA OBTENER UNA BUENA NUTRICIÓN, CON EL FIN DE MEJORAR LA SALUD Y CALIDAD DE VIDA DE LAS PERSONAS MAYORES (PM). EL OBJETIVO DEL ESTUDIO FUE DETERMINAR LA PREVALENCIA DE MALNUTRICIÓN POR DÉFICIT E INSEGURIDAD ALIMENTARIA EN PM INSTITUCIONALIZADAS EN ELEAM, DE LAS COMUNAS DE CHILLÁN Y CHILLÁN VIEJO, REGIÓN DE ÑUBLE. ESTUDIO DESCRIPTIVO QUE INCLUYÓ A 63 PERSONAS DE 65-96 AÑOS, RESIDENTES EN 7 ELEAM DE LAS COMUNAS DE CHILLÁN Y CHILLÁN VIEJO QUE ACEPTARON PARTICIPAR DEL ESTUDIO. SE EVALUÓ EL ESTADO NUTRICIONAL MEDIANTE ÍNDICE DE MASA CORPORAL (IMC), CIRCUNFERENCIA BRAQUIAL (CB), PERÍMETRO DE PANTORRILLA (PP); Y SE APLICÓ ESCALA DE SEGURIDAD ALIMENTARIA ADAPTADA Y VALIDADA. LA INFORMACIÓN SE ANALIZÓ CON ESTADÍSTICA DESCRIPTIVA UNI Y BIVARIADA SEGÚN TIPO DE VARIABLES. EL GRUPO ESTUVO CONFORMADO MAYORITARIAMENTE POR MUJERES (74,6%). LA SITUACIÓN NUTRICIONAL MÁS PREVALENTE FUE LA MALNUTRICIÓN POR DÉFICIT (42,9%), SEGUIDA POR EL ESTADO NUTRICIONAL NORMAL (31,7%). LA CB MOSTRÓ VALORES PROMEDIOS DE 26,9±3,5 CM EN LAS MUJERES Y DE 26,8±4,5 CM EN LOS HOMBRES; SEGÚN PP EL 39,6% PRESENTÓ DÉFICIT DE MASA MUSCULAR. LA SEGURIDAD ALIMENTARIA ESTUVO PRESENTE EN EL 20,6% DE LOS ENCUESTADOS Y LA INSEGURIDAD ALIMENTARIA EN EL 79,3%. SE CONCLUYE QUE LAS PM PERTENECIENTES A LOS ELEAM ESTUDIADOS, PRESENTARON MAYORITARIAMENTE MALNUTRICIÓN POR DÉFICIT, E INSEGURIDAD ALIMENTARIA, LO QUE NO CONTRIBUYE A UNA MEJOR SALUD DEL GRUPO ESTUDIADO.

THERE HAS BEEN AN INCREASE IN PRETERM (PT) BIRTHS IN WESTERN COUNTRIES IN RECENT YEARS, WHICH IS ASSOCIATED WITH LOW-BIRTHWEIGHT (LBW) CHILDREN. THE AIM OF THIS STUDY WAS TO DETERMINE THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN MATERNAL FACTORS AND PT AND LBW CHILEAN NEWBORNS. METHODS: THIS WAS AN ANALYTICAL CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY OF A NATIONAL SAMPLE OF 903,847 NEWBORNS AND THEIR MOTHERS. THE NEWBORN GESTATIONAL AGE, BIRTH WEIGHT, MATERNAL AGE, MARITAL STATUS, EDUCATION, EMPLOYMENT SITUATION, AND RESIDENCE WERE ANALYZED. A MULTIVARIATE LOGISTIC REGRESSION MODEL WAS APPLIED (? = 0.05) (STATA V.15). THE PREVALENCE WAS 6.8% AND 5.0% FOR PT AND LBW, RESPECTIVELY. THE PROBABILITY OF THE NEWBORNS BEING PT AND LBW WAS 1.18 AND 1.22 TIMES IF THEIR MOTHERS HAD

FETAL GROWTH CAN BE AFFECTED BY GESTATIONAL EXPOSURE TO AIR POLLUTION. THE AIM OF THE STUDY WAS TO DETERMINE THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN PREMATURITY AND LOW BIRTH WEIGHT (LBW) WITH GESTATIONAL EXPOSURE TO PM2.5 AND PM10 PARTICULATE MATTER IN CHILEANS NEWBORNS. THIS CROSS-SECTIONAL ANALYTICAL STUDY INCLUDED 595,369 NEWBORNS. DATA WERE EXTRACTED FROM THE LIVE NEWBORN RECORDS OF THE CHILEAN MINISTRY OF HEALTH. SEX, GESTATIONAL AGE, BIRTH WEIGHT, AND LIVING VARIABLES WERE ANALYZED. WE USED THE AIR QUALITY INFORMATION SYSTEM OF THE CHILEAN MINISTRY OF THE ENVIRONMENT TO OBTAIN MEAN PM2.5 AND PM10 EMISSIONS. A MULTIVARIATE LOGISTIC REGRESSION MODEL WAS PERFORMED WITH STATA 15.0 SOFTWARE AT ? < 0.05. PREVALENCE WAS 7.4% PREMATURITY AND 5.5% LBW. MEAN PM2.5 AND PM10 CONCENTRATIONS WERE 25.5 ?G/M3 AND 55.3 ?G/M3, RESPECTIVELY. PM2.5 WAS ASSOCIATED WITH AN INCREASED THE RISK OF LBW (OR: 1.031; 95%CI: 1.004-1.059) WHEN EXPOSURE OCCURRED IN THE SECOND TRIMESTER, WHILE PM10 AFFECTED THE WHOLE PREGNANCY. IN ADDITION, PM10 EXPOSURE IN ANY GESTATIONAL TRIMESTER WAS ASSOCIATED WITH AN INCREASED THE RISK OF PREMATURITY. THE PM10 PARTICULATE MATTER WAS ASSOCIATED WITH BOTH PREMATURITY AND LBW IN ALL OF THE TRIMESTERS OF EXPOSURE. THE PM2.5 PARTICULATE MATTER WAS ONLY ASSOCIATED WITH LBW WHEN EXPOSURE OCCURRED IN THE SECOND GESTATIONAL TRIMESTER.

RESTRICTIONS OF SLEEP PREDISPOSE TO EXPERIENCE, IN THE LONG-TERM, EXCESS MALNUTRITION AND NON-TRANSMISSIBLE CHRONIC DISEASES. THE OBJECTIVE OF THIS RESEARCH HAS TO STUDY THE INFLUENCE OF WORKING SHIFTS ON NUTRITIONAL STATUS LIPID PROFILE AND FASTING BLOOD GLUCOSE (FBG). STUDY OF A SERIES OF CASES CONSIDERED A TOTAL OF47 RECRUITED WORKERS FROM WHICH 31 OF THEM HAD A ROTATING SHIFT (DAY AND NIGHT) AND 16 A STEADY SHIFT (DAY). THE NUTRITIONAL ASSESSMENT INVOLVED: BMI (BODY MASS INDEX), WAIST AND HIP CIRCUMFERENCE, TRICIPITAL, BICIPITAL, SUB SCAPULAR AND SUPRA ILIAC SKIN FOLDS. SLEEP HOURS WERE STUDIED WITH A WEEKLY RECORD, FOOD INTAKE WAS STUDIED BY MEANS OF24-HOURS DIETARY RECALL. IT WAS DETERMINED: TOTAL CHOLESTEROL, C-HDL, C-LDL, BLOOD TRIGLYCERIDES AND FASTING BLOOD GLUCOSE (FBG). THE SAMPLE WAS COMPOSED BY 87% WOMEN AND 13% MEN, AVERAGE AGE OF 38,7YEARS [19,0] V/S 44,7[25¿2] (P=0,420) IN ROTATING AND STEADY SHIFTS RESPECTIVELY. THE ROTATING SHIFT DID NOT SHOW ANY SIGNIFICANT DIFFERENCES COMPARED TO THE STEADY SHIFT IN TERMS OF ANTHROPOMETRIC PARAMETERS EXCEPT FOR SUB SCAPULAR SKIN FOLD THAT WAS SIGNIFICANTLY HIGHER (P=0,032) IN RELATION TO THE MACRONUTRIENTS INTAKE. LIPID PROFILE AND GLYCERIN DID NOT SHOW IMPORTANT DIFFERENCES (P=>0,05). THE PREVALENCE OF THE NUTRITIONAL STATUS WAS: ROTATING SHIFT 35,4% NORMAL, 45,1% OVERWEIGHT AND 19,5% OBESE. ON THE OTHER HAND, THE STEADY SHIFT SHOWED: 43,7 % NORMAL AND 56¿% OVERWEIGHT. SENIORITY ONLY IN THE ROTATING SHIFT SHOWED A POSITIVE CORRELATION OF BMI (R=0,436 P

LA PANDEMIA POR COVID-19 HA GENERADO CAMBIOS EN LA SALUD DE LAS PERSONAS. EL OBJETIVO FUE ANALIZAR EL ESTADO NUTRICIONAL Y SU RELACIÓN CON CONSUMO ALIMENTARIO, NIVEL DE ACTIVIDAD FÍSICA EN TIEMPOS DE PANDEMIA POR COVID-19, EN ADULTOS QUE ASISTIERON A CENTRO DE NUTRICIÓN. ESTUDIO ANALÍTICO, TRANSVERSAL, MUESTRA NO PROBABILÍSTICA, DE 81 ADULTOS DE 20-61 AÑOS, CONSIDERANDO CRITERIOS DE ELEGIBILIDAD. LA RECOLECCIÓN DE DATOS FUE A TRAVÉS DE CUESTIONARIO DE CONSUMO ALIMENTARIO VALIDADO (IPAQ) Y DE ACTIVIDAD FÍSICA (AF). EL ANÁLISIS ESTADÍSTICO UTILIZÓ STATA, VERSIÓN 16.0. PARA EVALUAR ASOCIACIÓN DE VARIABLES SE UTILIZÓ PRUEBAS DE CHI-CUADRADO O EXACTA DE FISHER. LA POBLACIÓN ESTUVO CONFORMADA POR MUJERES (76,6%), DE 40-50 AÑOS (45,7%), EDUCACIÓN UNIVERSITARIA (67,9%), RESIDENCIA URBANA (86,4%) Y NIVEL DE INGRESO ENTRE DECILES 7 A 10 (90,1%). LA GANANCIA DE PESO AUTO INFORMADA FUE DE 1 A 6 KILOS. PREDOMINÓ ESTADO NUTRICIONAL DE MALNUTRICIÓN POR EXCESO (86,4%). LOS ALIMENTOS DE MAYOR CONSUMO FUERON DE LOS GRUPOS DE HUEVOS Y CARNES (91,4%), PAPAS, LEGUMBRES, FRUTAS Y VERDURAS (82,7%), BEBIDAS GASEOSAS, PRODUCTOS DE PASTELERÍA, COMIDA CHATARRA (82,2%). SE OBSERVÓ AUMENTO EN EL CONSUMO DE ALIMENTOS DESPUÉS DE LA CENA, EN LA COMPRA POR DELIVERY, Y UN NIVEL DE AF BAJO (40,7%). NO SE OBSERVÓ RELACIÓN ENTRE ESTADO NUTRICIONAL Y CONSUMO ALIMENTARIO, TAMPOCO CON NIVEL DE AF (P>0,05). SE CONCLUYE QUE NO HUBO ASOCIACIÓN ESTADÍSTICAMENTE SIGNIFICATIVA ENTRE ESTADO NUTRICIONAL CON EL CONSUMO ALIMENTARIO Y TAMPOCO CON EL NIVEL DE AF (P>0,05), SIN EMBARGO, EN LOS ENCUESTADOS CON MALNUTRICIÓN POR EXCESO PREDOMINÓ UN NIVEL DE AF BAJO O MODERADO.

THERE IS LIMITED KNOWLEDGE CONCERNING FACTORS THAT AFFECT NON-EXCLUSIVE BREASTFEEDING (NEBF) PRACTICES IN IMMIGRANT POPULATIONS, ESPECIALLY IN LATIN AMERICA. THE OBJECTIVE OF THE PRESENT STUDY WAS TO DETERMINE THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN MATERNAL FACTORS AND THE PREVALENCE OF NEBF IN HAITIAN IMMIGRANT WOMEN IN SOUTHERN CHILE. THIS WAS AN ANALYTICAL CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY. THE PROBABILISTIC SAMPLE CONSISTED OF 173 HAITIAN WOMEN WHO GAVE INFORMED CONSENT. SOCIODEMOGRAPHIC AND DIETARY-NUTRITIONAL INFORMATION WAS COLLECTED FROM ALL PARTICIPANTS. BIVARIATE (?2) AND MULTIVARIATE (LOGISTIC REGRESSION) INFERENTIAL STATISTICS WERE APPLIED. ALL ANALYSES WERE PERFORMED WITH THE STATA 16.0 STATISTICAL SOFTWARE, AND THE SIGNIFICANCE LEVEL WAS ESTABLISHED AS ? < 0.05. THE PREVALENCE OF EBF AT 6 MO WAS 54.3%. MATERNAL FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH A LOWER PREVALENCE OF EBF WERE NOT HAVING PERMANENT RESIDENCY (OR: 2.34, CI: 2.18-2.83), RESIDENCY

HORMONAL CHANGES ARE CAUSED BY THE MENSTRUAL CYCLE PHASES, WHICH INFLUENCE RESTING METABOLIC RATE AND EATING BEHAVIOR. THE AIM OF THE STUDY WAS TO DETERMINE RESTING METABOLIC RATE (RMR) AND ITS ASSOCIATION WITH DIETARY INTAKE ACCORDING TO THE MENSTRUAL CYCLE PHASE IN LEAN AND OBESE CHILEAN WOMEN. THIS CROSS-SECTIONAL ANALYTICAL STUDY INCLUDED 30 ADULT WOMEN (15 LEAN AND 15 WITH OBESITY). BODY COMPOSITION WAS MEASURED WITH A TETRAPOLAR BIOELECTRICAL IMPEDANCE METER. NUTRITIONAL STATUS WAS DETERMINED BY ADIPOSITY. A 24-H RECALL OF THREE NONCONSECUTIVE DAYS VERIFIES DIETARY INTAKE. THE RMR WAS MEASURED BY INDIRECT CALORIMETRY. ALL MEASUREMENTS WERE PERFORMED IN BOTH THE FOLLICULAR AND LUTEAL PHASES OF THE MENSTRUAL CYCLE. STATISTICAL ANALYSES WERE PERFORMED WITH STATA SOFTWARE AT A SIGNIFICANCE LEVEL, WHICH WAS ? = 0.05. THE RMR (? = 121.6 KCAL/D), TEMPERATURE (? = 0.36 °C), CALORIE INTAKE (? = 317.1 KCAL/D), AND INTAKE OF LIPIDS (? = 13.8 G/D) WERE ASSOCIATED WITH THE LUTEAL PHASE IN LEAN WOMEN. ONLY EXTRACELLULAR WATER (? = 1.11%) AND CARBOHYDRATE CONSUMPTION (? = 45.2 G/D) WERE ASSOCIATED IN WOMEN WITH OBESITY. LEAN WOMEN SHOWED INCREASED RMR, CALORIC INTAKE, AND LIPID INTAKE DURING THE LUTEAL PHASE. FOR WOMEN WITH OBESITY, CARBOHYDRATE INTAKE INCREASED BUT NOT RMR.

RESTING METABOLIC RATE (RMR) DEPENDS ON BODY FAT-FREE MASS (FFM) AND FAT MASS (FM), WHEREAS ABDOMINAL FAT DISTRIBUTION IS AN ASPECT THAT HAS YET TO BE ADEQUATELY STUDIED. THE OBJECTIVE OF THE PRESENT STUDY WAS TO ANALYZE THE INFLUENCE OF WAIST CIRCUMFERENCE (WC) IN PREDICTING RMR AND PROPOSE A SPECIFIC ESTIMATION EQUATION FOR OLDER CHILEAN WOMEN. THIS IS AN ANALYTICAL CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY WITH A SAMPLE OF 45 WOMEN BETWEEN THE AGES OF 60 AND 85 YEARS. WEIGHT, HEIGHT, BODY MASS INDEX (BMI), AND WC WERE EVALUATED. RMR WAS MEASURED BY INDIRECT CALORIMETRY (IC) AND %FM USING THE SIRI EQUATION. ADEQUACY (90% TO 110%), OVERESTIMATION (>110%), AND UNDERESTIMATION (

UNDERESTIMATING/OVERESTIMATING RESTING METABOLIC RATE (RMR) AFFECTS ENERGY PRESCRIPTION. THE OBJECTIVE WAS TO COMPARE RMR BY INDIRECT CALORIMETRY (RMR IC) AND RMR ESTIMATED BY PREDICTIVE EQUATIONS IN WOMEN WITH EXCESS BODY FAT. THIS WAS AN ANALYTICAL CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY WITH 41 WOMEN AGED 18?28 WITH OVERNUTRITION ACCORDING TO BODY COMPOSITION. THE RMR IC WAS MEASURED AND RMR ESTIMATED USING THE FAO/WHO/UNU (1985), FAO/WHO/UNU (2004), HARRIS?BENEDICT, AND MIFFLIN?ST JEOR EQUATIONS. THE PERCENTAGE OF ADEQUACY (90?110%), OVERESTIMATION (>110%), AND UNDERESTIMATION (

VIDEO GAME ADDICTION IS A WORLDWIDE CONCERN, PARTICULARLY IN SCHOOLCHILDREN WHERE IT HAS IMPACT ON ACADEMIC, SOCIAL, AND EMOTIONAL SPHERES. THE OBJECTIVE OF THIS STUDY WAS TO DETERMINE THE SOCIODEMOGRAPHIC FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH VIDEO GAME ADDICTION IN SCHOOLCHILDREN FROM THE SOUTH-CENTRAL REGION OF CHILE. METHODS: AN ANALYTICAL CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY THAT INCLUDED A SAMPLE OF 308 SCHOOLCHILDREN WAS PERFORMED. SOCIODEMOGRAPHIC FACTORS WERE ANALYZED AND LEVELS OF VIDEO GAME ADDICTION WAS ASSESSED USING THE VIDEO GAME ADDICTION TEST (VAT) DEVELOPED BY CHÓLIZ AND MARCO. A GENERAL LINEAR REGRESSION MODEL (ANCOVA) (? = 0.05) WAS APPLIED (STATA V16). THE PREVALENCE OF VIDEO GAME USE WAS 82.7%, WHILE ADDICTION REACHED 10%. RISK FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH THE INCREASED RISK OF ADDICTION WERE AS FOLLOWS: BEING MALE (? = 13.99; P < 0.001); BEING IN THE CARE OF ANOTHER RELATIVE (? = 11.1; P < 0.001); A HIGHER NUMBER OF PEOPLE IN THE HOUSEHOLD (? = 11.2; P < 0.001); THE CAREGIVER IN EMPLOYMENT (? = 12.8; P < 0.001); AND NOT PERFORMING EXTRACURRICULAR PHYSICAL ACTIVITY (? = 9.9; P < 0.001).