Publicación: ENVIRONMENTAL COSTS OF WATER TRANSFERS
Fecha
2020
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NATURE SUSTAINABILITY
Resumen
BESIDES, IF THE WATER TRANSFERRED IS SOURCED FROM HUMAN-INTERVENED RIVER BASINS, IT MAY ALSO CONTAIN TOXIC AND OTHER ELEMENTS WITH NEGATIVE ECOSYSTEM IMPACTS FOR THE RECIPIENT AREA. IN CHILE, THE PULP AND PAPER-MILL INDUSTRIES DISCHARGE THEIR TREATED EFFLUENTS INTO SOME RIVERS, SUCH AS BIOBÍO RIVER IN CENTRAL CHILE, AND STANDARD TREATMENT SYSTEMS WILL NOT PREVENT THE RELEASE OF POLLUTANTS (FOR EXAMPLE, TRACE ELEMENTS4, PESTICIDES, DIOXINS AND FURANS, AND HYDROCARBONS5, OR EVEN THE TRANSPORT OF INVASIVE MICROORGANISMS). MOREOVER, UNDER CLIMATE CHANGE SCENARIOS, PRECIPITATION WITHIN THE PROVIDER BASINS WILL SUBSTANTIALLY DECREASE, WHICH IN TURN COULD LIMIT FRESHWATER ACCESS IN THESE COMMUNITIES AND THEIR CAPACITY TO WATER CROPS FOR AGRICULTURE OR TO USE IT FOR OTHER ACTIVITIES. INDEED, THIS REGION IS A MAJOR PRODUCER AND EXPORTER OF CHERRIES, NUTS, BERRIES AND CHEMICAL PULP (HTTPS://WWW.OECD.ORG/CHILE/).
