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VISUAL WORD RECOGNITION AMONG OLDEST OLD PEOPLE: THE EFFECT OF AGE AND COGNITIVE LOAD

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dc.creatorCARLOS RODRIGO ROJAS ZEPEDA
dc.date2022
dc.date.accessioned2025-01-10T15:32:48Z
dc.date.available2025-01-10T15:32:48Z
dc.date.issued2022
dc.description.abstractDURING THE FOURTH AGE, A MARKED PHYSIOLOGICAL DETERIORATION AND CRITICAL POINTS OF DYSFUNCTION ARE OBSERVED, DURING WHICH COGNITIVE PERFORMANCE EXHIBITS A MARKED DECLINE IN CERTAIN SKILLS (FLUID INTELLIGENCE) BUT GOOD PERFORMANCE OF OTHERS (CRYSTALLIZED INTELLIGENCE). EXPERIMENTAL EVIDENCE DESCRIBES IMPORTANT CONSTRAINTS ON WORD PRODUCTION DURING OLD AGE, ACCOMPANIED BY A RELATIVE STABILIZATION OF SPEECH COMPREHENSION. HOWEVER, COGNITIVE CHANGES ASSOCIATED WITH ADVANCED AGING COULD ALSO AFFECT COMPREHENSION, PARTICULARLY WORD RECOGNITION. THE PRESENT STUDY EXAMINES HOW THE VISUAL RECOGNITION OF WORDS IS AFFECTED DURING THE FOURTH AGE WHEN TASKS INVOLVING DIFFERENT COGNITIVE LOADS ARE APPLIED. THROUGH LINEAR REGRESSION MODELS, PERFORMANCE WAS COMPARED BETWEEN TWO THIRD-AGE GROUPS AND A FOURTH-AGE GROUP ON REACTION TIME (RT) AND ACCURACY IN NAMING, PRIMING AND LEXICAL DECISION EXPERIMENTS. THE FOURTH-AGE GROUP SHOWED A SIGNIFICANT RT INCREASE IN ALL EXPERIMENTS. IN CONTRAST, ACCURACY WAS GOOD WHEN THE TASK INVOLVED A LOW COGNITIVE DEMAND (EXPERIMENTS 1 AND 2); HOWEVER, WHEN A DECISIONAL COGNITIVE FACTOR WAS INCLUDED (EXPERIMENT 3), THE FOURTH-AGE GROUP PERFORMED SIGNIFICANTLY WORSE THAN THE YOUNGER THIRD-AGE GROUP. WE ARGUE THAT THE BEHAVIOR OBSERVED AMONG FOURTH-AGE INDIVIDUALS IS CONSISTENT WITH AN UNBALANCED COGNITIVE CONFIGURATION, IN WHICH THE FLUID INTELLIGENCE DEFICIT SIGNIFICANTLY REDUCES THE SPEED NECESSARY TO RECOGNIZE WORDS, INDEPENDENT OF THE COGNITIVE LOAD ASSOCIATED WITH THE TEST. IN CONTRAST, THE MAINTENANCE IN CRYSTALLIZED INTELLIGENCE IMPROVES THE ACCURACY OF THE PROCESS, STRENGTHENING LINGUISTIC FUNCTIONALITY IN THE ADVANCED STAGES OF OLD AGE.
dc.formatapplication/pdf
dc.identifier.doi10.3389/fnagi.2022.1007048
dc.identifier.issn1663-4365
dc.identifier.issn1663-4365
dc.identifier.urihttps://repositorio.ubiobio.cl/handle/123456789/12525
dc.languagespa
dc.publisherFRONTIERS IN AGING & NEUROSCIENCE
dc.relation.uri10.3389/fnagi.2022.1007048
dc.rightsPUBLICADA
dc.subjectWORD RECOGNITION.
dc.subjectREACTION TIME
dc.subjectFOURTH AGE
dc.subjectAGING
dc.subjectACCURACY
dc.titleVISUAL WORD RECOGNITION AMONG OLDEST OLD PEOPLE: THE EFFECT OF AGE AND COGNITIVE LOAD
dc.typeARTÍCULO
dspace.entity.typePublication
oaire.fundingReferenceUBB- UNIVERSIDAD DEL BÍO-BÍO
ubb.EstadoPUBLICADA
ubb.Otra ReparticionDEPARTAMENTO DE CIENCIAS DE REHABILITACION EN SALUD
ubb.SedeCHILLÁN
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