Publicación: PHOSPHATE AGGREGATION, DIFFUSION, AND ADSORPTION ON KAOLINITE IN
SALINE SOLUTIONS BY MOLECULAR DYNAMICS SIMULATION
Fecha
2023
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APPLIED CLAY SCIENCE
Resumen
LARGE AMOUNTS OF PHOSPHATES ARE REQUIRED FOR THE SURVIVAL OF CELLS. HOWEVER, UNDESIRABLE ALGAE OVERGROWTH REQUIRES PHOSPHORUS LEVELS TO BE KEPT UNDER CONTROL. FOR LARGE BODIES OF WATER, COST-EFFECTIVE AND ECOSYSTEMFRIENDLY WAYS TO EXPORT PHOSPHATE ARE NEEDED. THE USE OF CLAYS APPEARS TO BE THE MOST PROMISING METHOD IN SEAWATER. HOWEVER, FOR A BROADER APPLICATION, THE MECHANISMS OF PHOSPHATE ADSORPTION ON KAOLINITE, THE CONDITIONS FOR EFFECTIVE FLOCCULATION, AND THE IMPACT OF SALT MUST FIRST BE ADDRESSED. IN THIS STUDY, MOLECULAR DYNAMICS
SIMULATIONS ARE USED TO DETERMINE THE ADSORPTION AND ANCHORING MECHANISMS OF TWO SPECIES OF PHOSPHATES THAT
PREDOMINATE AT NEUTRAL PH, THE DIHYDROGEN PHOSPHATE ION H2PO4
? AND THE HYDROGEN PHOSPHATE ION HPO4
2? , IN A
1:1 RATIO, ON EACH OF THE THREE KAOLINITE PRINCIPAL PLANES, THE BASAL SURFACES, OCTAHEDRAL GIBBSITE (001) AND
TETRAHEDRAL SILOXANE (001), AND THE EDGE SITES (010), IN AQUEOUS NACL AT A CONCENTRATION OF 0.6 M TO MIMIC SEAWATER. PHOSPHATE AGGREGATION IS ENHANCED BY NA BRIDGES, ALTHOUGH AT VERY HIGH CONCENTRATIONS, THE NUMBER OF AGGREGATES AND THE SIZE OF THE LARGEST CLUSTER DECREASE. CALCULATED DIFFUSION COEFFICIENTS FOR BOTH PHOSPHATE SPECIES DROP SHARPLY IN HYPERSALINE SOLUTIONS, ALTHOUGH THE DECAY RATE IS HIGHER FOR THE HPO4 2? SPECIES. DIFFUSION
RESULTS ARE IN CLOSE AGREEMENT WITH EXPERIMENTAL DATA. PHOSPHATE ADSORPTION ON KAOLINITE OCCURS IN CLUSTERS. THE HYDROPHILIC SURFACE (001) ADSORBS INCREASING AMOUNTS OF EACH OF THE PHOSPHATE SPECIES AS THE SALT CONCENTRATION
INCREASES, MORE HPO42? THAN H2PO4? . THE HYDROPHOBIC (001) SURFACE REMAINS NON-REACTIVE TO ANY SPECIES. THE HYDROPHILIC (010) EDGE SURFACE INCREASES ADSORPTION OF H2PO4? AND DRASTICALLY DECREASES THAT OF HPO42? AS SALT CONCENTRATION INCREASES. BIDENTATE ADSORPTION OF HPO42? ON THE MUCH ROUGHER EDGE SURFACE, EVEN IF SATURATED WITH ADSORBED NA IONS, IS STERICALLY IMPEDED. THE DOMINANT ADSORPTION MECHANISM IS THROUGH CATIONIC BRIDGES ON.....
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Palabras clave
Seawater, Phosphate diffusion, Phosphate aggregation, Phosphate adsorption, Molecular dynamics, Kaolinite
